CMTS负载均衡技术的探索

发布时间：2018-07-07 13:38

本文选题：负载均衡 + Docsis2.0　；参考：《上海交通大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：同轴网负载均衡是一项非常复杂的技术，其作用是通过将流量负担均匀的调配到各个数据传输频道上，解决个别频道的带宽使用率过高，而同时另一些频道的带宽使用率过低的情况，继而达到更充分的利用现有网络资源的目的。它的出现使得终端用户能够充分利用现有资源达到上网速度最大化及体验最优化。但遗憾的是，这一技术到目前为止在国际上仍没有一个完美的解决方案，几大同轴网路由器的设备供应商至今仍旧在对该技术进行不断的改进和优化，即便如此，该技术本身的底层协议决定了其易于造成终端用户业务中断这一现实问题。为了大幅度减轻业务中断的幅度以及频度，本论文研究并建立了一整套实用的、能通过实验进行验证的“同轴网负载均衡系统方案”。这套方案将在宏观上涵盖各类负载均衡的应用场景，与此同时在细节上重点提出并解决不同种类的负载均衡的应用过程中的难点，要点，对其进行深入分析，从而帮助各运营商提高负载均衡的应用和部署成效，降低频道切换带来的负面效应，减少业务中断，增加单位基础设施的使用率，提高用户上网速度及上网体验，从而有效的提升互联网运营商的核心竞争力。本文涉及的负载均衡体系将涵盖经典负载均衡，DOCSIS负载均衡，，DOCSIS3.0负载均衡和受约束的负载均衡。文章首先从最基本也是最底层的同轴网数据传输协议：DOCSIS协议入手，为深入研究基于同轴网的数据传输负载平衡理论及后期立论打下一定的基础。接着会介绍基于DOCSIS协议标准的两个频道切换行为：DCC和DBC，这也是负载均衡行为的底层技术。在明确网络数据传输机制和频道切换机制的基础上，将着手正式开始研究探讨负载均衡系统：首先采用对负载均衡进行归类，并且按照上述归类一步一步的展开发散，进而分门别类的讨论各类负载均衡的机制原理，之后文章中将会叙述一些具有一定难度和挑战的应用问题，尤其是时下各大运营商的实际线网中具有一定代表性的问题和挑战。进一步提出这些问题的解决方案，并将该解决方案整合到前述的系统设计中。接下来，会在设计的系统上进行数据测试和行为验证，并对测试数据进行分析，用事实说话，在实验结果、系统表现以及数据基础上对提出的理论进行验证。最后，根据实验室数据以及先前的理论分析，我们得到了如何针对不同场景，例如DOCSIS2.0，DOCSIS3.0，终端数量的多寡，组播与单播，语音业务等等不同情况，配置相应的负载均衡种类及参数，以期达到负载分担均匀化，业务中断最小化从而使得用户体验达到最优的效果。
[Abstract]:Load balancing in coaxial network is a very complex technology. Its function is to solve the problem of excessive bandwidth utilization of individual channels by allocating the traffic burden evenly to the various data transmission channels. At the same time, the bandwidth utilization of other channels is too low, which can make full use of the existing network resources. It enables end users to make full use of existing resources to maximize Internet speed and experience optimization. Unfortunately, there is still no perfect solution to this technology at the international level. Even so, the equipment suppliers of several coaxial network routers continue to improve and optimize the technology. The underlying protocol of this technology determines that it is easy to cause end-user business disruption. In order to greatly reduce the amplitude and frequency of service interruption, this paper studies and establishes a set of practical "load balancing system scheme of coaxial network" which can be verified by experiments. This scheme will cover all kinds of load balancing application scenarios macroscopically. At the same time, it will put forward and solve the difficulties and key points in the application process of different kinds of load balancing in detail. It helps operators to improve the application and deployment of load balancing, reduce the negative effects of channel switching, reduce business interruption, increase the utilization rate of unit infrastructure, and improve the speed and experience of Internet access for users. Thus effectively enhance the core competitiveness of Internet operators. The load balancing system in this paper will cover classic load balancing DOCSIS load balancing and constrained load balancing. This paper starts with the basic and lowest data transmission protocol: DOCSIS protocol, which lays a foundation for further research on the load balancing theory of data transmission based on coaxial network and later theory. Then we introduce two channel switching behaviors: DCC and DBC based on DOCSIS protocol standard which is also the underlying technology of load balancing behavior. On the basis of clarifying the network data transmission mechanism and the channel switching mechanism, we will begin to study and discuss the load balancing system. Firstly, we will classify the load balance and spread out step by step according to the above classification. Then, the principle of load balancing mechanism is discussed in different categories. After that, the paper will describe some application problems which have some difficulties and challenges, especially the representative problems and challenges in the actual network of major operators. Further solutions to these problems are proposed and integrated into the aforementioned system design. Next, the data test and behavior verification will be carried out on the designed system, and the test data will be analyzed, the facts will be used to speak, and the proposed theory will be verified on the basis of the experimental results, the system performance and the data. Finally, according to the laboratory data and previous theoretical analysis, we get how to configure the load balancing types and parameters for different scenarios, such as DOCSIS 2.0 / DOCSIS3.0, the number of terminals, multicast and unicast, voice service and so on. In order to achieve uniform load sharing, business disruption minimization so that the user experience to achieve optimal results.
【学位授予单位】：上海交通大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TP393.06

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