基于互联网的环卫车系统调度策略研究

发布时间：2018-07-17 02:18

【摘要】：城市生活垃圾收运问题是当前环保工作面临的一个瓶颈问题。随着城镇化、工业化的发展,我国的生活垃圾量不断增长,然而现有的垃圾清运模式存在效率低、实时性查、管理难、资源化程度低、处理方式单一等弊端。通过运用互联网技术解决环保难题、加强管理、提高资源利用率和信息实时性,已经成为很多国家关注的发展方向。基于这个背景,本文提出了在混合回收、集中分拣的模式下构建环卫车调度系统的策略。本文首先介绍了垃圾产生和环卫车收运垃圾的现状,阐述了研究的意义和内容。接下来提出基于互联网的环卫车系统管理信息化平台,构建互联网+环卫车系统一般由无线通信模块、GPRS模块、路线规划、地图匹配、地理信息系统、人机界面等组成。在环卫车路径规划算法的研究中,本文通过调研和资料查阅,提出“垃圾元”作为垃圾量增长的表征,并提出垃圾元产生动态概率模型。在这个基础上,介绍典型的垃圾回收网络构建模型和环卫车路径模型,为本文的数学建模奠定理论基础。文章借鉴发达国家分类收运的经验,提出构建具有分拣中心的环卫车收运系统,通过分拣中心实现生活垃圾的分类回收。由于环卫车收运系统涉及到设施选址和环卫车路径优化问题,本文将两个问题的数学模型结合起来,并将各种假设条件抽象成数学约束,最终形成环卫车收运调度系统数学模型。该模型的主要特点是:综合考虑了生活垃圾的分类回收、环卫相关设施选址和环卫车路径问题。文章提出串行运行禁忌搜索算法和遗传算法来求解模型。本文选取一个算例对所建模型和算法进行测试。测试结果表明模型的可靠性和算法的优良性。进而分析模型的花费和算法参数灵敏度,实验表明收集费用和运输费用对总费用影响较大,而算法参数的变化不会对总费用产生太大影响,说明算法对参数变化具有较强的鲁棒性。最后文章提出了下一步的工作重点是继续完善算法和实际应用。
[Abstract]:Collection and transportation of municipal solid waste (MSW) is a bottleneck in environmental protection. With the development of urbanization and industrialization, the amount of domestic garbage in our country has been increasing. However, the existing mode of garbage cleaning and transportation has some disadvantages, such as low efficiency, real-time checking, difficult management, low degree of resource utilization and single treatment. Using Internet technology to solve environmental problems, strengthen management, improve the utilization of resources and real-time information, has become the development direction of many countries. Based on this background, this paper puts forward the strategy of constructing the sanitation vehicle dispatching system in the mode of mixed recovery and centralized sorting. This paper first introduces the status quo of garbage generation and garbage collection and transportation by sanitation truck, and expounds the significance and content of the research. Next, the paper puts forward the management information platform of sanitation vehicle system based on Internet, which is generally composed of wireless communication module GPRS module, route planning, map matching, geographic information system, man-machine interface and so on. In the research of the path planning algorithm of sanitation vehicle, this paper puts forward the "garbage element" as the token of garbage volume growth, and puts forward the dynamic probability model of garbage element generation through investigation and reference. On this basis, the typical garbage collection network construction model and the sanitation vehicle path model are introduced, which lays a theoretical foundation for the mathematical modeling of this paper. Based on the experience of the developed countries, the paper puts forward the construction of the collection and transportation system of the sanitation truck with sorting center, and realizes the separation and recovery of domestic waste through the sorting center. Due to the problem of facility location and vehicle route optimization, this paper combines the mathematical models of the two problems, and abstracts all kinds of hypotheses into mathematical constraints. Finally, the mathematical model of the sanitation vehicle collection and transportation dispatching system is formed. The main features of the model are as follows: the classification and recovery of domestic waste, the location of sanitation related facilities and the path of sanitation vehicle are considered comprehensively. This paper presents a serial running Tabu search algorithm and a genetic algorithm to solve the model. In this paper, an example is selected to test the model and algorithm. The test results show the reliability of the model and the superiority of the algorithm. Then the cost of the model and the sensitivity of the algorithm parameters are analyzed. The experimental results show that the collection cost and the transportation cost have a great influence on the total cost, but the change of the algorithm parameters will not have too much effect on the total cost. It shows that the algorithm is robust to parameter variation. Finally, the emphasis of the next step is to continue to improve the algorithm and practical application.
【学位授予单位】：合肥工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TU993;TP18;TP393.09

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