公共交通一卡通互联互通测试平台的研究

发布时间：2018-08-28 20:53

【摘要】：我国城市公共交通一卡通经由金卡工程发展至今已经进入成熟阶段,基于公共交通新时期新发展的要求,公共交通一卡通区域乃至全国互联互通已成为突破行政界限、推进城际交通对接融合、增强区域快速通行能力的重要载体。各城市在终端、IC卡介质、芯片标准、密钥体系等方面存在的差异,已成为互联互通工作的一大阻碍,因此迫切需要搭建一个平台用来检测终端、系统、IC卡之间的兼容性,保证一卡通互联互通工作的顺利运行。本文结合普通公交一卡通系统逻辑架构,研究基于互联互通平台下的一卡通系统,对其体系平台架构设计、IC卡融合过渡方案、终端系统改造方案和密钥管理及清分结算系统等关键技术进行分析,在此基础上,搭建一卡通互联互通测试平台,对城市公共交通的新线建设、终端升级改造、产品更新换代等通过测试平台进行使用前的测试,主要研究工作如下：(1)系统联合压力测试平台的设计与实现。改造后的终端、IC卡与系统之间由于其交易数据特殊性,使用传统软件自动化压力测试工具难以对其软硬件性能进行有效的测试,结合三者之间的联合压力测试需求分析,提出了高效率、参数可控的压力测试平台软硬件设计方案,实现了终端、IC卡与系统之间软硬件性能压力测试目的的同时,将测试功能扩展到终端读写错误率、IC卡读写距离、闪卡及交易时间等测试。实验测试数据证明,它较好的实现了系统联合压力测试平台的设计需求。(2)谐振频率测试平台测试方案研究。谐振频率是影响IC卡消费体验的主要因素,本文以频谱分析仪配合自制夹具采集不同种类终端与IC测试数据,结合IC卡谐振原理,研究总结出IC卡谐振频率值发散的原因及测试的误区并通过实验仿真予以验证,同时通过实验数据统计分析提出一种一卡通互联互通中IC卡谐振频率测试标准方案,在不影响用户刷卡体验的情况下逐渐收敛IC卡谐振频率值范围。(3)通信协议测试平台的设计与实现。通过对ISO/IEC 14443协议所规定的通信参数的分析,结合IC卡通信协议测试技术现状,提出采用IC卡协议分析仪和软件无线电技术,设计通信协议测试平台,该平台具备接口及通信协议测试功能,平台支持多协议及自定义标准测试的可扩展功能,实验测试数据表明测试平台较好的完成了对通信协议参数中数据、时间、波形、编码等信息的采集,为更好的发行新的兼容性IC卡提供了便利。本文最后对测试平台的发展方向进行了展望,包括测试平台的集成化建设、测试工具的优化设计与测试功能的扩展,提出了进一步研究的方向。
[Abstract]:China's urban public transport card has entered a mature stage through the golden card project. Based on the requirements of the new development of public transport in the new period, the regional and even national interconnection of public transport cards has become a breakthrough in administrative boundaries. Promote intercity traffic docking fusion, enhance the regional rapid capacity of an important carrier. The differences in terminal, IC card medium, chip standard, key system and so on in different cities have become a major obstacle to the work of interconnection. Therefore, it is urgent to build a platform to detect the compatibility between terminals, systems, IC cards, etc. Ensure the smooth operation of one-card interconnection. In this paper, based on the logical structure of the general bus card system, we study the system of one card based on the interconnection platform, and design the architecture of the system platform, IC card fusion transition scheme, On the basis of the analysis of the key management, key management and clearing and settlement system of the terminal system, a test platform for the interconnection and intercommunication of one card is built to build new lines and upgrade the terminals of urban public transport. The main research work is as follows: (1) the design and implementation of the joint pressure test platform. Because of the particularity of the transaction data between the IC card and the system, it is difficult to test the performance of its hardware and software effectively by using the traditional software automation pressure test tools. This paper puts forward a high efficiency and controllable software and hardware design scheme of the pressure test platform, realizes the purpose of the software and hardware performance stress test between the terminal, IC card and the system, and extends the test function to the terminal read / write error rate and the IC card read / write distance at the same time. Flash card and trading time test. The experimental data show that the system can meet the design requirements of the joint pressure test platform. (2) Research on the test scheme of the resonant frequency test platform. The resonant frequency is the main factor that affects the IC card consumption experience. In this paper, the frequency spectrum analyzer and the self-made fixture are used to collect different kinds of terminal and IC test data, combined with the IC card resonance principle. This paper summarizes the causes of the divergence of IC card resonance frequency and the misunderstandings of the test, and verifies it by experimental simulation. At the same time, through the statistical analysis of experimental data, a standard scheme of IC card resonance frequency testing in the interconnection of IC card is put forward. The resonant frequency range of IC card is converged gradually without affecting the user's experience of swiping the card. (3) Design and implementation of communication protocol test platform. Based on the analysis of the communication parameters stipulated in ISO/IEC 14443 protocol and the current situation of IC card communication protocol testing technology, this paper puts forward the design of communication protocol test platform by using IC card protocol analyzer and software radio technology. The platform has the functions of interface and communication protocol testing. The platform supports the extensible function of multi-protocol and custom standard testing. The test data show that the test platform has completed the data, time and waveform of the communication protocol parameters. Coding and other information collection, for better distribution of new compatibility IC card to facilitate. At the end of this paper, the development direction of the test platform is prospected, including the integrated construction of the test platform, the optimization design of the test tool and the extension of the test function, and the direction of further research is put forward.
【学位授予单位】：广东工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TP393.04

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