基于模糊层次分析法的网络地图可用性评价研究

发布时间：2018-10-13 13:39

【摘要】：近年来，网络地图的可用性问题进入了人们的视线，人们关注如何改进可用性问题使网络地图对用户来说更加友好。本文从网络地图可用性评价的内容和方法出发，对其可用性进行研究，以期为改进网络地图的可用性提供科学依据。为了深入研究网络地图的可用性，从用户、用户界面和用户行为分析三个方面来论述了网络地图可用性研究的内容，并介绍了常用的可用性评价方法，针对本研究选择了绩效评估、启发式评估和问卷调查等方法。此外又详细介绍了模糊层次分析法，该方法能使复杂的权衡过程变得有逻辑，非常适合本研究对于网络地图可用性评价的研究。根据网络地图在与用户交互过程中展现的不同层面，将其可用性分为可以客观测量的绩效可用性和主观且模糊的感知可用性。为了获得绩效可用性的测试数据，将其细分为时间、效率、出错次数等指标，并且根据用户调查结果设置了典型的网络地图用户任务。对于感知可用性，则根据网络地图的内容和特征，通过问卷形式来测试用户的满意度。对于测试样本，本文对市场上流行的网络地图进行聚类分析，并对主流用户群体进行了调查和访谈，最终选择了六款地图作为测试样本。对于测试用户的选择，则通过参考市场研究报告并使用Web分析工具来确定。本文选择了模糊层次分析法作为建立可用性评价模型的主要研究方法，在本研究中，涉及模型（层次分析模型）结构分析、评价矩阵构建、权重矢量设定以及排序等。在权重设定方面，采用群体决策的方法，选择了教育背景和知识结构都适合对网络地图进行评价的评估人员组成一个小组，让他们互相评价得到先验权重，再对各项指标两两评价得到后验权重，最终通过两者凸组合得到专家权重。通过对各款地图进行可用性评价，，我可以有针对地从得分低且权重高的指标开始着力，来改进网络地图的可用性问题。由于网络地图的内容和功能与时俱进，本研究所建立的评价模型具有一定时效性，需要在现有研究基础上调整和改进来提高模型的适用性。
[Abstract]:In recent years, the usability problem of the network map has entered the attention of people, people pay attention to how to improve the usability problem to make the network map more friendly to the users. Based on the content and method of usability evaluation of network map, this paper studies its usability in order to provide scientific basis for improving the usability of network map. In order to deeply study the usability of network map, this paper discusses the content of usability research of network map from three aspects: user, user interface and user behavior analysis, and introduces the commonly used usability evaluation methods. In this study, performance evaluation, heuristic evaluation and questionnaire survey were selected. In addition, the fuzzy analytic hierarchy process (FAHP) is introduced in detail. This method can make the complex tradeoff process logical, and it is very suitable for the study of the usability evaluation of the network map. According to the different layers of the web map in the process of interacting with the user, the usability can be divided into objectively measurable performance usability and subjective and fuzzy perceived usability. In order to obtain the test data of performance availability, it is subdivided into time, efficiency, times of error and so on. According to the result of user survey, the typical user task of network map is set up. For perceived usability, user satisfaction is measured by questionnaire according to the content and characteristics of the map. For the test sample, this paper carries on the clustering analysis to the popular network map in the market, and carries on the investigation and the interview to the mainstream user group, finally selects six maps as the test sample. The selection of test users is determined by referring to market research reports and using Web analysis tools. In this paper, fuzzy analytic hierarchy process (AHP) is chosen as the main research method to establish the usability evaluation model. In this study, it involves the structural analysis of the model (AHP model), the construction of evaluation matrix, the setting of weight vector and the ranking etc. In the aspect of weight setting, using the method of group decision making, the evaluators who choose the educational background and knowledge structure to evaluate the network map form a group, so that they can evaluate each other and get a prior weight. Then the posterior weight is obtained by evaluating each index in pairwise, and the expert weight is obtained by the convex combination of the two. By evaluating the usability of each map, I can focus on improving the usability of the network map from the index with low score and high weight. Because the content and function of the network map keep pace with the times, the evaluation model established in this paper has certain timeliness, which needs to be adjusted and improved on the basis of the existing research to improve the applicability of the model.
【学位授予单位】：哈尔滨工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TP393.09

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