基于认知的老年人网站的可达性设计
发布时间：2018-11-15 12:12
【摘要】：随着互联网技术的发展，在人口老龄化的大趋势之下，老年人作为不断壮大的互联网用户群体受到关注并日益成长为一支具有潜在商业价值的新生军力量，但国内的老年人网站大都从内容层面满足老年人的心理需求，没有解决网站浏览过程中老龄化所引发的生理及心理障碍，造成了老年人群探索互联网、获取的网络信息权利的不平等性，在此背景下，对老年人网站进行优化设计，使体验更加符合老年人认知特征成为必要。 万维网协会网站（W3C）可达性倡议WAI（Web Accessibility Initiative）所阐述的可达性设计（accessible design）是一种技术与交互的准则，旨在使生理上存在残障的特殊人群获得无障碍的用户体验。遵循WAI中的指导原则进行网站开发，在一定程度上解决了感官机能的衰退对信息的读取所产生的障碍，但个体从网站获取信息的过程是一个认知的行为过程，不仅仅是感官上的信息接收问题，网站信息架构及交互方式是网站可达性设计的核心。 个体的认知的行为简单而言是信息的获取与使用。本文试图通过构建认知信息加工模型，从感知觉、记忆、思维和心理模型四个方面分析老龄化所带来的认知退化特征，并将其所导致的认知障碍映射到访问网站的过程当中，总结出老年人心理模型特征，从网站信息架构、交互细节及界面设计的角度解析老年人对网站可达性的要求，从增强信息输入、增强信息贮存和引导用户逻辑思维三个立足点引申出信息简化、信息情景化、设计一致性、多样化的导航机制等可达性设计方法，并归纳出一般性的设计原则，为老年人网站的可达性设计提供理论依据与方法支持。 论文主要结合在惠普（中国）参与的五十多老年人网站项目，通过引用上述理论及方法初步达到了降低老年人认知负担，增强网站的易用性的目的。
[Abstract]:With the development of Internet technology, under the general trend of aging population, older people, as a growing group of Internet users, are attracting attention and growing into a new force with potential commercial value. However, most of the elderly websites in China satisfy the psychological needs of the elderly from the content level, and fail to solve the physiological and psychological obstacles caused by the aging of the website, which has caused the elderly people to explore the Internet. Under this background, it is necessary to optimize the design of the website for the elderly to make the experience more in line with the cognitive characteristics of the elderly. The accessibility Design (accessible design) described by the World wide Web Association Web site (W3C) accessibility Initiative WAI (Web Accessibility Initiative) is a technical and interactive guideline designed to provide accessible user experiences for special populations with physical disabilities. Following the guiding principles of WAI for website development, to a certain extent, the decline of sensory function has solved the obstacle of information reading, but the process of individual obtaining information from the website is a cognitive behavior process. Not only the problem of sensory information reception, but also the information architecture and interaction are the core of website accessibility design. The cognitive behavior of individuals is simply the acquisition and use of information. This paper attempts to construct a cognitive information processing model to analyze the characteristics of cognitive degradation brought by aging from four aspects: perception, memory, thinking and psychological model, and map the cognitive impairment caused by it to the process of visiting the website. Summarizes the psychological model features of the elderly, analyzes the requirements of the elderly for the accessibility of the website from the perspective of information architecture, interaction details and interface design, and enhances the input of information. Enhancing the storage of information and guiding the user's logical thinking can lead to information simplification, information situationalization, design consistency, diversified navigation mechanism and other reachability design methods, and generalize the general design principles. To provide the theoretical basis and method support for the accessibility design of the website for the elderly. This paper mainly combines with the more than 50 old people website project in HP (China). By quoting the above theories and methods, the paper has achieved the goal of reducing the cognitive burden of the elderly and enhancing the usability of the website.
【学位授予单位】：湖南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：TP393.092;B842
本文编号：2333272
[Abstract]:With the development of Internet technology, under the general trend of aging population, older people, as a growing group of Internet users, are attracting attention and growing into a new force with potential commercial value. However, most of the elderly websites in China satisfy the psychological needs of the elderly from the content level, and fail to solve the physiological and psychological obstacles caused by the aging of the website, which has caused the elderly people to explore the Internet. Under this background, it is necessary to optimize the design of the website for the elderly to make the experience more in line with the cognitive characteristics of the elderly. The accessibility Design (accessible design) described by the World wide Web Association Web site (W3C) accessibility Initiative WAI (Web Accessibility Initiative) is a technical and interactive guideline designed to provide accessible user experiences for special populations with physical disabilities. Following the guiding principles of WAI for website development, to a certain extent, the decline of sensory function has solved the obstacle of information reading, but the process of individual obtaining information from the website is a cognitive behavior process. Not only the problem of sensory information reception, but also the information architecture and interaction are the core of website accessibility design. The cognitive behavior of individuals is simply the acquisition and use of information. This paper attempts to construct a cognitive information processing model to analyze the characteristics of cognitive degradation brought by aging from four aspects: perception, memory, thinking and psychological model, and map the cognitive impairment caused by it to the process of visiting the website. Summarizes the psychological model features of the elderly, analyzes the requirements of the elderly for the accessibility of the website from the perspective of information architecture, interaction details and interface design, and enhances the input of information. Enhancing the storage of information and guiding the user's logical thinking can lead to information simplification, information situationalization, design consistency, diversified navigation mechanism and other reachability design methods, and generalize the general design principles. To provide the theoretical basis and method support for the accessibility design of the website for the elderly. This paper mainly combines with the more than 50 old people website project in HP (China). By quoting the above theories and methods, the paper has achieved the goal of reducing the cognitive burden of the elderly and enhancing the usability of the website.
【学位授予单位】：湖南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：TP393.092;B842
【参考文献】
相关期刊论文 前1条
1 郑林欣;张帅;;基于老年人生理衰退的产品设计[J];包装工程;2007年10期
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