基于对象化用例驱动的Web应用自动化测试系统的设计与实现

发布时间：2019-06-04 18:17

【摘要】：随着Web技术的广泛应用,其复杂度和规模迅速增加,同时对应用系统的可靠性也提出了更高的要求。自动化测试作为降低系统测试成本、提高效率的有效手段,成为Web应用测试的首选方案。但是由于Web应用具有需求变化快、界面复杂、使用场景多样以及交互频繁等特点,随之而来的测试脚本复杂且维护成本高、测试覆盖率难以保证等问题,使得传统的软件测试方法和技术无法适应Web应用测试的挑战,因此,如何设计和实现高效的Web应用测试系统成为了亟待解决的问题。本文针对这一问题,根据Web应用测试的特点,对Web应用自动化测试方法进行了分析,并对测试脚本的设计和控制进行了重点研究。主要研究内容如下：1、采用XML作为测试用例存储介质,实现使用任意文本工具即可进行编辑操作,使得解析更加简单易用,进而,避免了使用数据库存储的限制,同时无需额外开发部署相应的编辑管理程序；2、引入面向对象技术进行测试用例设计,充分发挥测试人员对业务熟悉的特点,基于测试数据、测试行为和测试步骤设计测试用例,进而,增加了自动化测试用例与手工测试用例的可复用性,并降低了设计时的技术门槛；3、利用通用模块对测试用例进行解析,并生成动态测试用例,通过调度程序来控制测试用例的执行,并根据最终的执行结果生成测试报告；本文的创新点在于将测试用例对象化,从而使得自动化测试系统更加简单易用维护方便,实现手工执行和自动化测试融合；通过配置文件来控制调度测试的执行,从而提高了自动化测试的可用性和易用性。本文在对已有的自动化测试技术研究的基础上,提出了对象化用例驱动的自动化测试方法,大大降低自动化测试用例设计的难度,降低了测试脚本维护的成本、提高了工作效率。本文的研究成果已经在测试实验中验证了其可行性和有效性。
[Abstract]:With the wide application of Web technology, its complexity and scale increase rapidly, and the reliability of the application system is also put forward higher requirements. Automatic testing, as an effective means to reduce the cost of system testing and improve efficiency, has become the first choice for Web application testing. However, due to the characteristics of Web applications, such as rapid change of requirements, complex interface, diverse use scenarios and frequent interactions, the test scripts are complex and the maintenance cost is high, and the test coverage is difficult to guarantee. The traditional software testing methods and technologies can not meet the challenges of Web application testing. Therefore, how to design and implement an efficient Web application testing system has become an urgent problem to be solved. In order to solve this problem, according to the characteristics of Web application testing, this paper analyzes the automatic test method of Web application, and focuses on the design and control of test script. The main research contents are as follows: 1. Using XML as the test case storage medium, the editing operation can be carried out by using any text tool, which makes the parsing easier to use, and then avoids the limitation of using database storage. At the same time, there is no need for additional development and deployment of the corresponding editing management program; 2. Introduce object-oriented technology to design test cases, give full play to the characteristics that testers are familiar with the business, design test cases based on test data, test behavior and test steps, and then, The reusability of automated test cases and manual test cases is increased, and the technical threshold of design is reduced. 3. The general module is used to analyze the test cases, and the dynamic test cases are generated. The execution of the test cases is controlled by the scheduler, and the test report is generated according to the final execution results. The innovation of this paper is to object the test cases, so that the automatic test system is more simple, easy to use and easy to maintain, and realizes the integration of manual execution and automatic testing. The execution of scheduling test is controlled by configuration file, which improves the availability and ease of use of automated test. Based on the research of the existing automatic test technology, this paper puts forward an object-driven automatic test method, which greatly reduces the difficulty of automatic test case design and reduces the cost of test script maintenance. The work efficiency has been improved. The research results of this paper have verified its feasibility and effectiveness in the test experiment.
【学位授予单位】：中国海洋大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TP311.53;TP393.09

【参考文献】