移文流变考述——兼及《北山移文》在唐宋时期的文学接受

发布时间：2018-01-07 21:20

本文关键词：移文流变考述——兼及《北山移文》在唐宋时期的文学接受　出处：《清华大学学报(哲学社会科学版)》2017年03期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：移文,又称"移"或"移书",是我国古代重要的应用文体,主要用于通告晓谕、劝诫责让。春秋战国,移文往往依附于"书"而称"遗书"。刘歆《移让太常博士书》被称为"文移之首",具有重要的文体学意义。此时的移文与檄文多混淆和交融,导致"移檄"并称。两汉移文在行文方向、行文对象、文体功能诸方面呈现出多元化和模糊化的特征。魏晋时期,移文开始摆脱对其他文体的依附而独立成体,语言渐趋骈俪化。移文至六朝而体制完备、程式规范,行文关系单一、清晰,进入创作典范时期。自唐至清,"移"作为平行文种被列入国家法定的正式行政公文,其现实功用和程式化增强,文学性减弱。《北山移文》作为历代公认的文章经典,得益于其文本固有的新奇造语、虚拟化的拟人手法、抒情变形的表现方式。唐宋文人对它的接受主要在于精工的文学技巧和以戏谑方式嘲讽假隐的批评精神,前者作为范文被诗文家摘用和仿效,后者作为文化符号被文人士大夫凝化为"北山移"情结。
[Abstract]:Shifting text, also known as "transfer" or "transfer of books", is an important applied style in ancient China, mainly used to inform the oracle, admonish the responsibility of the Spring and Autumn period and the warring States period. The shifting text is often attached to the "book" and called "the last letter". Liu Xin, the book of the doctor of shifting too often, is called "the head of the text shift", which has important stylistic significance. At this time, the shift of the text is confused and blended with the call to call the text. As a result of "shifting" and saying. The Han Dynasty in the direction of writing, writing objects, stylistic functions and other aspects of the characteristics of diversity and fuzziness. In the Wei and Jin dynasties, Shiwen began to get rid of the dependence on other styles and independent adult. Language gradually becomes parallel. From the Tang Dynasty to the Qing Dynasty, the system is complete, the program is standard, the writing is simple and clear, and it has entered the period of creation model. "Shiyan" as a parallel language is included in the official official documents of the state statutory, its realistic function and stylized enhancement, the literariness is weakened. "Beishan Shiwen" as the article classics recognized in the past dynasties. Thanks to its original novel language, virtualized personification, lyric transformation of the expression. Tang and Song literati's acceptance of it mainly lies in its literary skills and ridicule the spirit of criticism in a playful way. The former was used and imitated by the poets as a model, while the latter, as a cultural symbol, was transformed into a complex of "moving the North Mountain" by literati and officials.
【作者单位】：暨南大学中文系;
【分类号】：I206.2
【正文快照】： 移文,又称“移”或“移书”,是我国古代起源很早、适用频繁的应用文体,代有其文。《文心雕龙》《文章缘起》《文体明辨》等文体学专著均注意到此文体,《艺文类聚》《太平御览》《文苑英华》等类书将“移文”作为文种之一,《文选》《文章辨体汇选》等重要文学选本也选入了数目

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