鲁迅与20世纪中国现代民族国家意识的文学建构

发布时间：2018-01-17 17:24

本文关键词：鲁迅与20世纪中国现代民族国家意识的文学建构　出处：《东岳论丛》2017年02期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：鲁迅以文学的方式为中国现代民族国家意识的建构奉献了深刻的精神与文学遗产。面对"三千年未有之大变局"和现代转型,他始终致力于现代转型的精神基础,早年正面的"立人"设想,以及后来终其一生从事的国民性批判,是正反两面;他诉诸"文学"的感召作用,早年对"立人"-"诗力"关系的揭示,后来以小说和杂文展开的国民性批判,开启了文学与家国命运结合的新范式,形成中国现代文学的宝贵传统,其以文学方式展开的国民性批判,成为中国现代民族国家话语的重要组成部分;作为中国现代民族国家话语之一部分的进化论,在鲁迅这里展现为一种深刻的复杂状态,进化背后,是对文明与种族退化的隐忧,受尼采影响,其进化思想的深刻指向是人的精神进化。早期以"心声"为指向的现代语言观,及其后来通过创作与翻译展开的现代汉语白话文实践,在内涵与形式两个方面为中国现代汉语的生成和发展做出重要贡献,也成为中国现代民族国家意识的组成部分。
[Abstract]:Lu Xun devoted a profound spirit and literary heritage to the construction of China's modern nation-state consciousness in the form of literature, facing the "three thousand years of unprecedented changes" and the modern transformation. He has always devoted himself to the spiritual foundation of modern transformation, and his early positive idea of "setting up a man" and the criticism of national character that he engaged in throughout his life are both positive and negative. He appealed to the inspirational role of "literature", in the early years to reveal the relationship between "Liren" and "poetic power", and later opened a new paradigm of combining literature with the fate of family and country by criticizing the national character with novels and essays. Forming the precious tradition of Chinese modern literature, its criticism of national character in the form of literature has become an important part of the discourse of Chinese modern nation state. As a part of the discourse of China's modern nation-state, the theory of evolution is shown here by Lu Xun as a kind of profound complex state, behind the evolution, is the hidden worry about the degradation of civilization and race, influenced by Nietzsche. The profound direction of his evolutionary thought is the spiritual evolution of human beings. The early modern language view directed by the "voice" and the later practice of modern Chinese vernacular writing developed through creation and translation. It has made important contributions to the formation and development of modern Chinese in terms of connotation and form, and has also become an integral part of the consciousness of China's modern nation-state.
【作者单位】：苏州大学文学院;
【基金】：国家社科基金项目“鲁迅与20世纪中国文学新范式与新传统的形成研究”(14BZW108)阶段性成果
【分类号】：I210.96
【正文快照】： 归根结底,鲁迅是一个现代爱国者和爱民者,终其一生,他的思想、写作和行动,都是为了一个终极目的——古老中国的现代转型与现代民族国家意识的建立。鲁迅的时代,正值“三千年未有之大变局”,这不同于中国历史中经常发生的改朝换代,也不同于春秋战国时期中华文化系统内的文化转

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