新时期以来中国诗化小说研究

发布时间：2018-03-25 08:30

本文选题：诗化小说　切入点：艺术表征　出处：《江西师范大学》2016年博士论文

【摘要】：诗化小说是一种独特的小说样式,它将诗歌特征融入小说,由此带来作品美学风格上的一系列变化,从而构成新的小说样式。中国诗化小说从诞生至今日,已走过了百年历史。本论文对新时期以来中国诗化小说的发展概况、诗化小说的艺术表征、诗化小说的思想倾向、当前文化语境中诗化小说的困境及存在的意义等内容展开分析。全文共分为四个部分:第一部分梳理新时期以来诗化小说的发展概况。本文按照时间顺序把新时期以来的诗化小说分为两段:一是新时期伊始至80年代末,二是90年代以来;论述每个阶段诗化小说的特点,并梳理新时期以来诗化小说的阶段性、一致性以及变异和拓展。第二部分阐述诗化小说的艺术表征。这部分分为七节:小说的诸要素、意境、语言、抒情性、儿童视角、节制的情感表达、富有意味的细节。第一节是小说的诸要素。诗化小说的结构核心由情节移向情调,于是小说的要素(人物、情节、环境)都随着叙事性的减弱而呈现出与情节小说不同的状态。第二节是“所写的常常只是一种意境”,这里引用汪曾祺的观点。这节从意境的三个特征(情景交融、虚实相生、韵味无穷)展开论述。第三节是“写小说就是写语言”,这也是引用汪曾祺的观点。这节分为学习和借鉴文言传统、修辞手法、音乐美和绘画美三部分。诗化小说作家自觉借鉴文学传统,使作品语言常常悖离一般的语言表达惯例,显得别致或“拗口”,产生出一种与通常语言不同的语言表达方式和审美效果;作品中运用了大量的修辞手法,使语言更加富有表现力;作家还将音乐和绘画艺术渗透在小说中,使作品具有了音乐美和绘画美。第四节是抒情性。诗化小说都带有极强的抒情意味,可以说,抒情性是诗化小说的一个显著特征。第五节是儿童视角。很多诗化小说不约而同地采取儿童视角,让儿童承担观察感知和叙事的角色,通过儿童的眼睛去看世界,并用儿童的口吻对世界做出评价,这必然给文本带来一种别样的叙事效果。第六节是节制的情感表达。诗化小说中的情感从不像决堤的江水那样毫无节制地奔腾而泻,而是始终处于一种平缓含蓄的状态。第七节是富有意味的细节。诗化小说不重情节,却偏重于用一些富有意味的细节体现出作家的审美追求,传达出作家的主观情绪,同时也使作品洋溢着浓郁的诗情。这些细节对刻画人物、推进情节、烘托环境起着重要的作用。第三部分论述诗化小说的思想倾向。这部分分为四节:回归自然、理想主义、忧伤的基调、文化守成主义者的意绪。第一节是回归自然。回归自然中的“自然”有两层含义:一方面指大自然,另一方面指自然的人性。第二节是理想主义。诗化小说描绘出一种理想世界来弥补或者批判现实世界的缺陷,对可能的更美好的生存状态有所憧憬有所追求,带有鲜明的理想主义的特征。第三节是忧伤的基调。诗化小说作品总使人感到一种难言的惆怅,觉得那美好的人事景物背后隐藏着一种挥之不去的忧伤——尽管是轻烟薄雾般的怅然若失。第四节是文化守成主义者的意绪。大多数诗化小说作家把他们营造诗性艺术世界的视野投向乡村,极力书写乡土文明的美好;他们挖掘传统文化的价值,以坚守和回望的姿态来表达对现代性造成的各种负面效应的抵制,渴望和追寻健康和谐的生态环境和美好善良的人性。第四部分探究当前文化语境中诗化小说的困境及存在意义。这部分分为两节:诗化小说的生存困境及诗化小说的存在意义。90年代以来,市场经济繁荣、消费文化盛行,诗化小说的外部文化语境发生了很大的变化。毋庸讳言,诗化小说自身也确实存在一些艺术局限。这些局限也导致了诗化小说生存的危机与困境。不过,艰难的处境更凸显了它的存在意义。诗化小说作家应该承担起庄严的艺术使命,让这种文体创作传统得以赓续,以促进整个时代诗性氛围的重新营造及文学审美价值的重建。
[Abstract]:The poetic novel is a unique style of the novel, it will feature poetry into the novel, which bring about a series of changes in aesthetic style, so as to form a new novel style. Chinese poetic novels from birth to today, has gone through a hundred years of history. The development of the Chinese poetic novels since the new period, art characterization of poetic novels, the ideological tendency of poetic novels and poetic novels in the context of the current cultural dilemma and the significance of the existence of the content analysis. The thesis is divided into four parts: the first part of the development of poetic novels since the new period. This paper combs in chronological order to poetic novels since the new period is divided into two sections: one is the beginning of the new period to the end of 80s, two since 90s; discussing the characteristics of each stage of the poetic novel, poetic novels and sort out the stage since the new period, the consistency and variability and The second part of the art development. Characterization of poetic novel. This part is divided into seven sections: elements of the novel, artistic conception, language, lyric, children's perspective, emotional control, meaningful details. The first section is the elements of the novel. The core structure of the poetic novel the festival moved to the atmosphere, so novel elements (characters, plot, environment) with the weakening of the narrative is different and the plot of the novel. The second section is "writing is often a kind of artistic conception", here is a quote from Wang Zengqi's point of view. This section from three characteristics of artistic conception (scenes, virtual and real, infinite charm) expansion in this paper. The third section is "writing a novel is writing language", which is also cited Wang Zengqi's point of view. This section is divided into and learn from the tradition of classical Chinese rhetoric, music beauty and painting beauty. Three poetic novel writers with traditional literature, so that works Language often deviating from general language practice, appear chic or "mouthful", produce and aesthetic effect to express a different from the usual language; works of rhetoric, make the language more expressive; the writer will also music and painting art in the novel, the works is the music beauty and painting beauty. The fourth section is a lyrical and poetic novel. With a strong lyrical, it can be said that the lyric is a prominent feature of poetic novel. The fifth section is the children's perspective. Many poetic novels invariably take the children's perspective, let the children take the role of perception and observation of narrative, through the child's eyes to see the world, and the world is evaluated in children's tone, which will bring us a different narrative effect to the text. The sixth section is the expression of emotion control. The feeling never poetic novel Like the river as breaching of the dike unrestrained rushing down, but always in a gentle subtle state. The seventh section is meaningful details. The poetic novel is not heavy plot, but on the use of some meaningful details reflect the aesthetic pursuit of the writer, to convey the writer's subjective emotion, but also works with with rich poetry. These details of characterization, advance the plot, contrast plays an important role in the environment. The third part discusses the ideological tendency of poetic novel. This part is divided into four sections: the return to nature, idealism, sad tone, the connotation of cultural conservatism. The first section is the return to nature and return to nature. "Nature" has two meanings: one refers to the nature, on the other hand refers to the nature of human nature. The second section is idealism. Poetic novels represent an ideal world to make up for the lack of real world or criticism Depression, for possible better living conditions has been longing to pursue, with the distinctive characteristics of idealism. The third section is the sad tone. Poetic novels always make people feel a kind of unspeakable sadness, feel behind the beautiful scenery of personnel hides a lingering sadness -- despite the smoke of mist feel lost. The fourth section is the connotation of cultural conservatism. Most poetic fiction writers turn their sights on creating a poetic art world of the country, trying to write local civilization better; they excavate the value of traditional culture, to express the various negative effects of modernity to adhere to and back attitude to resist, desire and pursuit of ecology a healthy and harmonious environment and the goodness of human nature. The fourth part explores the poetic novels in the cultural context of the plight and the meaning of existence. This part is divided into two sections: Poems The plight and poetic fiction novels of the existence of.90 since the 1990s, the market economy prosperity, consumer culture, great changes have taken place in the poetic novel external cultural context. Needless to say, the poetic novel itself also exists some art limitations. These limitations also led to the crisis and predicament of poetic novel survival. However, difficult the situation highlights the significance of it. The poetic fiction writers should assume the solemn mission of art, let the writing tradition continue to promote the re construction and reconstruction, the poetic atmosphere of the whole era of aesthetic value.

【学位授予单位】：江西师范大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：I207.42

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