苏轼平淡美思想研究

发布时间：2018-03-25 19:35

本文选题：苏轼　切入点：平淡美　出处：《山东师范大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：苏轼在青壮年时并不是十分推崇平淡之美,但其目睹了宋王朝的由盛转衰,自身也经历了仕途的起起落落,这一切都让他看透了世间的浮华而逐渐倾向于平淡之美。本文试图将苏轼置于宋代的时代语境中,并联系其家庭和个人因素来分析其平淡美思想的形成基础,然后具体分析其平淡美思想的内容、构成特征以及实现方式等。论文的绪论部分首先梳理了平淡美的发展流变,在此基础上可知“平淡美”主要有三层含义:就个人的自身修为来说,指超脱于物质之外,保持内心的虚静恬淡与平和;就文学创作而言,要有感而发,富于真情实感,而不能刻意为之;就文学风格来讲,指平易流畅、质朴天真的形式与饱含韵味的内容之统一。本文对苏轼平淡美思想所作的讨论也将基于此而展开。其次,本部分对研究现状进行了简单梳理,并点明了创新之处,简要阐释了本文的研究方法与研究思路。论文的第一部分主要探究了苏轼平淡美思想形成的基础,分别就北宋的社会环境与苏轼的家学渊源及人生经历等方面来阐述。首先,北宋时整个社会呈现内敛状态,士人的精神变得沉静起来,审美取向更倾向于高雅淡泊;诗文革新运动进一步发展,扫除了晚唐五代留下的靡丽之风;佛禅思想与儒道进一步相融,为苏轼平淡美思想的发展提供了契机。其次,苏轼生于“不乐仕宦”(范镇《族谱后录》下篇)的西蜀之地,其父苏洵亦不喜浮艳之风,都在无形当中影响着苏轼的审美取向;而儿时以及贬谪时期的农村生活让苏轼更加超脱淡泊,也为其最终实现平淡美思想提供了客观环境;坎坷的人生经历促使其不断超越现实、超越自己,也使其更加倾向于平淡之美。论文的第二部分为苏轼平淡美思想的概述。首先,通过苏轼对平淡美思想的相关阐释,将苏轼平淡美思想的内涵揭示为“恬静淡泊”、“以他平他”和“旷达超越”。其次,将“平淡”与“豪放”、“自然”两个美学范畴进行辨正,从而更加明确平淡美的内涵与特征。并在此基础上分析了苏轼对平淡美思想的发展:将平淡美思想由诗歌领域拓展到所有的艺术领域;明确地指出平淡美的形成是随着人生阅历及艺术修养的积累而不断提高的自然过程;强调平淡美思想极富辩证性。论文的第三部分主要分析了苏轼平淡美思想的构成特征,分别从审美主体、审美对象以及审美理想三个方面具体而谈。就审美主体来说,是其恬静淡泊的审美心境,主要表现为审美主体的博观约取、虚静以待以及超然物外;就审美对象来说,是其平淡质朴的审美形态,主要表现为审美对象的萧散简远、自然质朴以及老境成熟之美;而就审美理想而言都指向平淡简远,主要由丰富的奇趣、不绝的至味以及萦绕其中的远韵而形成广阔的“意”域。论文的第四部分主要探讨的是苏轼平淡美思想的实现,文章主要从文艺创作和人生实践两个方面来讨论。在文艺创作上,主要体现为在题材上化俗为雅,在语言上不事雕琢,在技巧上无意于佳乃为佳;另一方面则是苏轼苦中得以超越从而体得至味的休闲人生得以实现,主要表现为苏轼在人生中随遇而安、物我两忘,最终得以畅游于世。
[Abstract]:Su Shi young is not very respected plain beauty, but the Song Dynasty witnessed by Sheng Zhuanshuai, itself also experienced the ups and downs of the career, all this let him see worldly pomp and gradually tend to plain beauty. This paper tries to put Su Shi in the Song Dynasty era and context. The family and individual factors to analyze the plain thought foundation, then analyzes the plain thought content, features and implementation methods. The introduction part firstly reviews the development of rheological plain, on the basis of the "plain beauty" has three meanings: one's own repair, that detached from the material, keep your heart quiet and tranquil and peaceful; literary creation, to the emotions, and not with real feelings, deliberate; literary style, a plain and smooth, quality A unified Park naive form and full of flavor content. This paper discussed the aesthetic thought of Su Shi bland will also be based on this. Secondly, this part of the current situation of the study of simple comb, and point out the innovation, briefly explains the research methods and research ideas. In the first part of this thesis to explore the basis of the formation of Su Shi thought about the beauty of the plain, were on the Northern Song Dynasty social environment and Su Shi's life experience and erudite through paternal teaching and influence and other aspects. First, the Northern Song Dynasty when the whole society restrained state, their spirit becomes quiet, elegant aesthetic orientation tend to be indifferent; further development of literary reform movement, to the late Tang and Five Dynasties leave the luxury wind; Buddhism thought and Confucianism further integration, provides an opportunity for the development of Su Shi plain thought. Secondly, Su Shi was born in the "no official music" ("Genealogy after fan Zhen > 2) the record of his father Suxun Shu, also do not like flowery wind, in the invisible influences the aesthetic orientation of Su Shi's childhood and relegation period; and the rural life make Su Shi more detached indifferent, also provides the objective environment for the final realization of plain thought; rough life experiences make it continue to go beyond reality, beyond their own, also make them more inclined to plain beauty. The second part is an overview of Su Shi plain ideas. First, through the interpretation of Su Shi on the plain thought, the connotation of Su Shi plain thought revealed as "quiet indifferent" to his flat, "he" and "broad-minded beyond". Secondly, the "flat" and "bold", "natural" two categories of aesthetics, thus more clearly the connotation and characteristics of plain beauty. And based on the analysis of the development of Su Shi thought: plain plain MISSHA Want to expand from the field of poetry to all fields of art; clearly pointed out that the formation of plain beauty is a natural process that develops with the accumulation of life experience and artistic accomplishment; emphasizing the plain beauty of ideas is full of dialectics. The third part mainly analyzes the characteristics of Su Shi bland Macy think, from the aesthetic subject, aesthetic object and the aesthetic ideal of three aspects. On the aesthetic subject, the aesthetic state of mind is serene and simple, mainly for the aesthetic subject is erudite, quiet and for aesthetic object, be free from things of the world; the aesthetic form is plain and simple, mainly for the aesthetic object of Xiao Sanjian, the natural simplicity old and mature beauty; and aesthetic ideal are pointing to the natural, mainly by the rich interest, never to taste as well as rhyme linger among them and the formation of broad "meaning "Domain. The fourth part mainly discusses the realization of Su Shi plain is thought, this article mainly from the two aspects of literary creation and life practice to discuss. In literary and artistic creation, is mainly embodied in the theme of vulgar as the elegant, not in the language of carving in skill is good not good on the other hand; is thus beyond the body to taste the leisure life to realize Su Shi bitter, mainly for Su Shi in life things, two things I forgot, finally able to swim in the world.

【学位授予单位】：山东师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：I207.22

【参考文献】