张天翼小说的文学史价值新论

发布时间：2018-05-17 00:44

本文选题：张天翼 + 文化身份　；参考：《山东师范大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：论文由绪论、正文、结语三部分构成。绪论部分。绪论从“论文选题的意义”、“论文选题的研究现状”、“论文选题价值与创新点”三个部分展开。首先从张天翼在现代文学史上的创作实绩入手指出,张天翼小说所反映的社会视景的广度、人性的深度、透视现实的力度;其次,介绍了张天翼小说的研究现状以及选择本选题的缘由;最后通过分析张天翼小说研究的缺陷与空白,阐明当下进行张天翼小说文学史研究的意义。正文部分。正文部分由四个章节组成。第一章是对张天翼的独特文化身份的探析,分为两节。着重从史料入手,分析张天翼的生命经历和精神图景所呈现的两个重要特质。一方面,张天翼一生漂泊,寓居他乡,是一个没有原乡的漂泊者,他的小说中从未笼罩“乡愁”,因此在小说地域背景的选择上多是描写背景模糊的江南市镇。另一方面,由于种种原因此前的张天翼研究中对他的个人情感生活多避而不谈,通过挖掘史料,梳理张天翼的个人生命体验,我们发现张天翼的个人情感生活坎坷波折,而他的小说中也从未表现过爱情、婚姻的温馨美好,可以说个人的情感经历在一定程度上导致了他对爱情的失语。第二章为张天翼小说道德化叙事的综合辨析,分为三节。第一节具体阐释张天翼小说中道德距离的呈现,呈现的方式主要有四种手段——通过带有道德判断的叙述声音呈现作者与人物的对立关系;对否定性人物外貌行为上的丑态反复渲染和变奏使用拉大道德距离;以放大、特写的方式漫画、夸张否定性人物的某一特征;通过人名和题名的设置巧妙讽刺。第二节分析张天翼道德化叙事中对道德距离的控制,以典型文本《包氏父子》《一件寻常事》《团圆》等为例,对张天翼道德化叙事的另一个特质进行分析,即作者有意控制道德距离,更注重作家在面对具体生命时的真实感受。第三节探析张天翼小说道德化叙事的意义:改良社会与人生,一定程度上超越二元对立的左翼叙事模式。第三章为张天翼小说的文化反思阐释,分为三节。第一节针对张天翼对五四以后“新文化”的表现与反思,通过《巧格力》、《出走以后》等典型文本,具体分析张天翼小说对西方文化冲击下中国社会结构变动的敏锐嗅觉,新文化在改造旧中国市民思想时显现的问题,以及五四以后成长起来的青年对革命的退守态度。第二节分析张天翼小说中的民间道教文化,阐释张天翼对道教文化批判的执着用心与文化意义。第三节重点分析张天翼小说文化反思的特点与价值,作家表现了浓厚的“告别五四”的意味,倾力关注社会底层的苦难人生,与时代问题紧密相连,显示了强烈的批判意识。第四章通过对张天翼小说评介历史的梳理,分析张天翼小说评介史的发展,并阐明张天翼在夏志清的《中国现代小说史》和大陆文学史叙述中的差异这一“张天翼现象”是如何发生的,分为三节。第一节梳理建国前的张天翼小说评介,重点分析了“暴露与讽刺”论争对张天翼发生创作转向的影响。第二节分析新中国成立后至七十年代末的张天翼小说评介特点。第三节分析八十年代后在新的文学史叙述格局中的张天翼文学史塑形。结语部分。张天翼的小说作为类型化文学作品,在80年代以后的文学潮流中面临着被降级、流放的现实。然而在张天翼写作小说的30年代中国文坛,这种高度类型化的战斗性讽刺是有价值的,无论新时期后张天翼小说在文学史评价中是否冷清,在崇尚多元而实际文学观念上存在贬低类型文学的当下,重提张天翼以及它所代表的讽刺类型是有意义的。
[Abstract]:The thesis is composed of three parts: introduction, text and conclusion. Introduction part. The introduction begins with three parts: "significance of topic selection", "research status of topic selection", "value of topic selection and innovation point". First, from Zhang Tianyi's creative achievements in the history of modern literature, the breadth of social view reflected in Zhang Tianyi's novels is reflected. The depth of human nature and the intensity of reality; secondly, it introduces the research status of Zhang Tianyi's novels and the reasons for choosing this topic; finally, through the analysis of the defects and blanks of Zhang Tianyi's novel research, the significance of the study on the literary history of Zhang Tianyi's novels is clarified. The body part is composed of four chapters. The first chapter is on Zhang. The analysis of the unique cultural identity of the wings is divided into two sections. The two important characteristics of Zhang Tianyi's life experience and spiritual picture are analyzed with emphasis on historical materials. On the one hand, Zhang Tianyi wanders throughout his life and resides in his hometown. It is a drifter without a native land, and his novels never cover "homesickness", so in the regional background of the novel. On the other hand, on the other hand, for a variety of reasons, Zhang Tianyi's previous study of Zhang Tianyi's personal emotional life has not been talked about. By digging historical materials and combing Zhang Tianyi's personal life experience, we find that Zhang Tianyi's personal feelings are rough and bumpy, but his novels have never been shown. Love, the warmth and beauty of marriage, can be said that personal experience to some extent led to his aphasia for love. The second chapter is a comprehensive analysis of the moral narrative of Zhang Tianyi's novels, divided into three sections. The first section explains the presentation of the moral distance in Zhang Tianyi's novels, and there are four ways of presenting it. The narrative voice of German judgment presents the opposite relationship between the author and the characters; the ugliness renders and variations of the qualitative characters in the qualitative characters use the widening moral distance; magnifying, writing comics, exaggerating some characteristics of the negative characters; the ingenious satire through the setting of names and titles. The second section analyses the moral narration of Zhang Tianyi. In the case of the control of moral distance in the case of the typical text < Bao's father and son > < a common matter > < "reunion >" as an example, the other characteristics of Zhang Tianyi's Dehua narrative are analyzed. That is, the author intentionally controls the moral distance and pays more attention to the writer's true feelings in the face of specific life. The third section analyses the significance of Zhang Tianyi's novel moral narration: The improvement of society and life, to a certain extent, surpasses the left wing narrative mode of the two yuan opposition. The third chapter is the cultural reflection and interpretation of Zhang Tianyi's novels, which is divided into three sections. The first section aims at Zhang Tianyi's performance and Reflection on the "new culture" after 54, and the specific analysis of Zhang Tianyi's novels to Xi Fangwen through the typical texts such as "clever GREE >" and "after the departure". The sharp sense of the change of Chinese social structure under the impact of the changes, the problems appearing in the new culture in the transformation of the old Chinese citizens' thoughts, and the attitude of the young people who grew up after 54, the second section analyses the folk Taoism culture in Zhang Tianyi's novels, and explains the persistent and cultural significance of Zhang Tianyi's criticism of the Taoist culture. The three section focuses on the analysis of the characteristics and values of the cultural reflection of Zhang Tianyi's novels. The writer shows a strong "farewell to 54" meaning, pays close attention to the suffering life of the bottom of the society, is closely connected with the problems of the times, and shows a strong sense of criticism. The fourth chapter analyzes Zhang Tianyi's novels by reviewing the history of Zhang Tianyi's comment and analyzing Zhang Tianyi's novels. The development of history, and clarifies Zhang Tianyi's "Zhang Tianyi phenomenon" in Xia Zhiqing's history of modern novels of China and the history of continental literature. It is divided into three sections. The first section combs the review of Zhang Tianyi's novels before the founding of the people's Republic of China, and focuses on the influence of the controversy of "exposure and Satire" on Zhang Tianyi's creative turn. The two section analyses the characteristics of Zhang Tianyi's novel evaluation after the founding of new China to the end of the 70s. The third section analyses the shaping of Zhang Tianyi's literary history in the narrative pattern of the new literary history after 80s. The concluding part. As a typed literary work, Zhang Tianyi's novel is faced with the reality of being degraded and exiled in the trend of literary studies after 80s. However, in the Chinese literary world of Zhang Tianyi's writing novels in 30s, this highly typed combat satire is of value. No matter whether Zhang Tianyi's novels in the new period are cold in the evaluation of literary history, there is a disparaging type of literature in the view of pluralism and practical literature, and the irony of Zhang Tianyi and the type of literature it represents. It's meaningful.
【学位授予单位】：山东师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：I207.42

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