中国文学欲望叙事之流变：晚清至五四

发布时间：2018-06-12 09:13

本文选题：欲望 + 叙事　；参考：《上海外国语大学》2017年博士论文

【摘要】：本文采用比较文学主题学研究范式与精神分析叙事学相结合的方法,以欲望叙事为核心线索,在东西方文化融合的语境中,全面考察晚清至五四时期中国文学中的小说叙事模式的变化。研究基于精神分析学中以欲望为驱动力的理论,将欲望视为小说叙事动力,来考察欲望表述如何通过一套叙事策略在小说中实现,从而以小说主题流变的形式来对这一时期的文学现象形成史的观照。欲望叙事分析从欲望叙事与叙事伦理关系变化角度来切入,探讨欲望叙事机制如何顺应或规避伦理制约,逃避审查,以获得合法性进入文本,继而提供叙事审美快感。欲望如何成为小说叙事的发展动力和变革的核心力量,叙事空间的转移,叙事结构、欲望主客体关系变化等方面所采取的文本策略是焦点问题。绪论首先界定了作为研究对象的晚清至五四欲望叙事,介绍研究缘起、研究对象,进行研究综述;继而厘清本文所使用的欲望概念及相关精神分析理论,在此基础上陈述本文研究方法与思路。第一章分析晚清狭邪小说中的欲望叙事,首先简述晚清之前中国文学史上的欲望叙事,并重点分析明清白话小说的兴起与欲望叙事的关联;在接下来的分析中文章指出狭邪小说是处于从古典到现代转型的小说类别,在叙述日常欲望上体现了世俗现代性。第二章主要分析晚清翻译文学中欲望叙事的新颖因素及其对小说叙事模式的拓展,指出了这一时期的翻译文学在外来审美资源与传统价值体系之间不断调适,以此对叙事伦理加以突破,从而使后来的小说创作能容纳更多的欲望叙事。第三章研究从晚清到民初言情小说风潮中的欲望叙事变化,指出这一时期不同阶段、不同类型的言情小说发展脉络,是欲望叙事在翻译文学影响下尝试不同载体的一条发展路径。其中重点分析了白话写情小说在叙事结构和叙事空间上的拓展,鸳鸯蝴蝶派文言小说的文体作用及都市言情通俗小说欲望叙事的现代意识与局限。第四章以较重篇幅分析以启蒙叙事为基调的五四新文学中,在西方话语影响下,欲望如何凭借与启蒙话语的同构性进入到叙事中,并形成了流行的婚恋叙事模式。文章还着重考察了鲁迅小说的多重意蕴,从欲望角度对其作品作不同于传统批评的解读,分析了郁达夫等作家的“自叙传”小说与性爱小说之于启蒙叙事的意义,集中考察了五四时期女性作家的兴起及其代表作中的欲望叙事。结论部分指出欲望作为叙事动力,在晚清至五四小说叙事艺术发展上、尤其是从古典叙事到现代小说的转型中是潜在而核心的力量。欲望需要通过叙事得到满足,事关审美效果的实现,但欲望的叙事同时必须受到叙事伦理制约,二者处在不断的制约-突破关系变化中,致使小说叙事模式相应而变。结论还指出,以欲望叙事作为考察线索具有连续性,小说欲望叙事在之后的三十年代、四十年代、新时期、世纪之交等时期持续变化。在本文晚清至五四的小说研究基础上,可以继续进行延伸拓展研究。本研究首次以精神分析学欲望理论为基础,以欲望叙事流变来考察小说发展状况,尝试从全新的视角来把握文学史现象,此研究试图建立一条从叙事动力到小说形式美学的研究路径,凸显小说审美快感与人性本能之间的关联;文章采用比较文学主题研究与精神分析理论相结合的研究方法,自觉在中外文学关系研究中进行比较文学研究范式的创新及实践,以此来探索影响研究之外的新思路;本研究为文学研究和文学批评提供了一种新视野,为“重写文学史”提供了弥合传统-现代文学断裂、通俗-精英文学鸿沟的解决思路。
[Abstract]:This article uses the method of the combination of the comparative literary thematic research paradigm and the psychoanalytic narratology, taking the desire narrative as the core clue, in the context of the eastern and Western cultural integration, to examine the changes in the narrative patterns of the novels in the Chinese literature from the late Qing Dynasty to the 54 period. The desire is regarded as the motive of the novel narrative, to examine how the expression of desire is realized through a set of narrative strategies, so as to look at the history of the literary phenomenon in this period by the form of the theme of the novel. Should or evade ethical constraints, evade the review, in order to obtain legitimacy into the text, and then provide the narrative aesthetic pleasure. How desire becomes the motive force and core force of the novel narrative, the transfer of narrative space, the narrative structure, the change of the relationship between the desire subject and the object, and so on. The introduction first defines the problem. As the research object of the late Qing Dynasty to the 54 desire narrative, introduce the origin of the research, the research object, carry on the research summary; then clarify the desire concept and the related psychoanalysis theory used in this article, and then state the research method and thought of this article. The first chapter analyses the desire narrative in the late Qing Dynasty's narrow evil novel, first of all, briefly describe the late Qing Dynasty. The narrative of desire in the history of Chinese literature focuses on the correlation between the rise of the vernacular novels of the Ming and Qing Dynasties and the narration of desire. In the following analysis, the article points out that the narrow evil novel is a novel category in the transition from classical to modern, and embodies the secular modernity in the narration of daily desires. The second chapter mainly analyzes the narration of desire in the late Qing translation literature. The novelty of the story and the expansion of the narrative mode of the novel, point out that the translation literature of this period is constantly adjusted between the foreign aesthetic resources and the traditional value system, so as to break through the narrative ethics, so that the later novel creation can accommodate more desire narration. The third chapter studies the romantic novel from the late Qing Dynasty to the early days of the Republic of China. The change of desire narration points out that the development of different stages and different types of romance novels in this period is a developing way of trying different carriers under the influence of translation literature. The emphasis is on the expansion of the narrative structure and the narrative space of the vernacular romance novels and the stylistic role of the Mandarin Duck and butterfly classical novels. And the modern consciousness and limitations of the desire narration of the urban romantic novels. The fourth chapter, in the 54 new literature of the enlightenment narrative as the keynote, makes the desire to enter into the narrative with the isomorphism of the enlightening discourse and forms the popular pattern of marriage and love narration under the influence of the western discourse. The article also focuses on Lu Xun. The multiple meaning of the novel is different from the traditional criticism from the angle of desire. It analyzes the meaning of "Narration" and sex novels by Yu Dafu and other writers in the enlightenment narration. It concentrates on the investigation of the rise of the female writers in the 54 period and the desire narration in their representative works. Force, in the development of narrative art in the late Qing Dynasty to the 54 novel, especially in the transition from classical narrative to modern novel, is a potential and core force. Desire needs to be satisfied through narrative, which is related to the realization of aesthetic effect, but the narrative of desire must be subject to narrative ethics, and the two are in constant restriction - breakthroughs. The narrative pattern changes accordingly. The conclusion also points out that the desire narrative as an investigation clue has continuity. The narrative of desire of the novel continues to change in the period of 30s, 40s, the new period and the turn of the century. On the basis of the novel research of the late Qing Dynasty to 54, this study can continue to extend the research. On the basis of the theory of psychoanalytic desire, this study tries to investigate the development of novels by the rheology of desire narration and tries to grasp the phenomenon of literary history from a new perspective. This study tries to establish a research path from narrative power to novel form aesthetics, and highlights the relationship between aesthetic pleasure and human instinct; the article uses a comparative text. The research method combining the study of the subject and the psychoanalytic theory is to explore the innovation and practice of the comparative literature research paradigm in the study of Chinese and foreign literature relations, in order to explore the new ideas that influence the study. This study provides a new vision for literary and literary criticism, and provides a new way to rewrite the history of literature. The breakup of modern modern literature is the solution of the popular literature gap.
【学位授予单位】：上海外国语大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：I207.4

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