基于足底压力的坡道步态失稳自适应平衡研究

发布时间：2018-01-21 09:52

本文关键词： 失稳自适应平衡足底压力步态分析坡道　出处：《天津科技大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：针对滑跌开展失稳自适应平衡研究,对防止滑跌损伤、康复训练设计、行走辅具研发等具有重要意义。目前国内外对于失稳现象已开展了大量研究,但尚不清楚平衡调节过程中足底压力与步态参数间的关系,亦未探究个体在坡道环境下遇到滑移扰动后激发的自适应平衡反应。据此提出本文的研究目的,即针对下坡时滑移扰动引发的步态失稳现象,利用足底压力与步态分析手段探究人体下肢的自适应平衡反应。本文招募了10名健康男性青年受试者,要求每位受试者分别在干燥与湿滑两种介质下完成坡度i=0、坡度i=1：12及坡度i=1：10三种坡度时的下坡行走试验。其中,干燥地面条件下,受试者须在每种坡度各完成10次行走；湿滑地面条件下,受试者在每种坡度下须完成5次行走。试验过程中要求受试者目视前方、步态自然放松,并在受到扰动后继续完成行走。采集行走过程中的时-空步态参数、动力学参数及运动学参数并进行分析。以大胆假设、小心求证为原则,本文提出了两条假设。其一,假设于特定坡度行走时,存在与该坡度相对应的自适应平衡反应;其二,假设当以下坡坡度为扰动强度时,自适应平衡反应量级与扰动强度正相关。为验证假设一,在特定坡度下采用方差分析法,以干燥试验为对照,依据足底压力及步态参数的变化情况,探究特定坡度下的自适应平衡反应。为验证假设二,先后采用单因素方差分析法及回归分析法,得出了平衡反应量级与扰动强度间的关系。结果表明,假设一成立,即在特定坡度下坡行走遇滑移扰动时,人体存在一系列的自适应平衡反应以避免滑跌；假设二部分成立,即除足底峰值压力不受扰动强度影响外,时-空步态参数、时间标准化后的压力-时间积分、压力中心轨迹、垂直地面反力及下肢关节角度在特定步态时期内与扰动强度间存在线性关系。
[Abstract]:It is very important to carry out the study of adaptive balance for sliding and falling, which is of great significance to prevent sliding damage, design rehabilitation training, research and development of walking aids, etc. At present, a large number of researches have been carried out on the phenomenon of instability at home and abroad. However, the relationship between plantar pressure and gait parameters in balancing adjustment process is not clear, and the adaptive equilibrium response induced by sliding disturbance in ramp environment has not been explored. Therefore, the purpose of this study is proposed. According to the phenomenon of gait instability caused by sliding disturbance, the adaptive balance reaction of human lower limbs was studied by plantar pressure and gait analysis. Ten healthy young male subjects were recruited in this paper. Each subject was asked to complete the downhill walking tests at three slopes, I. e. 0, 1: 12 and 1: 10, respectively, in dry and wet medium, among them, under dry ground conditions. The subjects were required to complete 10 walks at each slope. Under wet and slippery ground conditions, the subjects were required to complete 5 walks at each slope. During the experiment, the subjects were required to look ahead and to relax their gait naturally. The parameters of time-space gait, dynamics and kinematics are collected and analyzed. The principle of bold hypothesis and careful verification is taken as the principle. In this paper, two hypotheses are proposed. First, the adaptive equilibrium response corresponding to the slope is assumed to exist when the slope is walking at a certain slope. Secondly, it is assumed that the magnitude of adaptive equilibrium response is positively correlated with the disturbance intensity when the downhill slope is taken as the disturbance intensity. In order to verify hypothesis one, the variance analysis method is used in the specific slope, and the dry test is used as the control. According to the changes of plantar pressure and gait parameters, the adaptive equilibrium response under certain slope was investigated. In order to verify hypothesis two, single factor variance analysis and regression analysis were used successively. The relationship between the magnitude of equilibrium reaction and the intensity of disturbance is obtained. It is assumed that the two parts hold, that is, except the peak pressure of foot is not affected by disturbance intensity, the parameters of time-space gait, the pressure-time integral after time standardization, and the track of pressure center. There is a linear relationship between the vertical ground reaction force and the lower limb joint angle and the disturbance intensity during the specific gait period.
【学位授予单位】：天津科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：R496

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