老年高血压患者社会支持与自我效能的相关性

发布时间：2018-02-01 21:00

本文关键词： 社会支持自我效能高血压　出处：《新乡医学院》2014年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：背景高血压是最常见的慢性心血管疾病,在其长期的治疗和康复中,患者的自我效能十分重要。高血压的主要患病人群是老年人,需要更多的社会支持,以增强健康行为能力和自我效能,促进血压恢复。但国内外文献对老年高血压患者社会支持与自我效能相关性的报道较少。探讨老年高血压患者社会支持与自我效能的相关性可为其自我效能的干预及临床实践提供依据。目的测定老年高血压患者的社会支持和自我效能水平,及其影响因素,探讨老年高血压患者社会支持与自我效能的相关性。方法采用便利抽样法,对某三级甲等医院门诊的128例老年高血压患者进行问卷调查。分别采用一般资料调查表、高血压病人自我效能评价表、社会支持评定量表测定患者的一般资料、自我效能和社会支持状况。将全部资料量化后输入计算机,建立数据库,用SPSS17.0软件进行统计分析。 1.用频数、百分数、均数和标准差描述老年高血压患者的一般资料(社会人口学资料和疾病相关资料)、自我效能和社会支持状况； 2.用t检验、方差分析和秩和检验探讨一般资料对患者自我效能的影响； 3.用Pearson相关分析探讨患者的社会支持与自我效能的相关性； 4.以自我效能总分及各维度(日常生活、健康行为、服药和遵医行为)得分为因变量,以单因素分析和相关分析中有统计学差异的项目为自变量,进行多重线性回归分析,探讨患者自我效能的影响因素。结果 1.128例老年高血压患者自我效能总分为26.91±2.89,其中日常生活、健康行为、药物治疗、遵医行为自我效能维度得分分别为7.33±2.76、6.58±2.21、8.21±3.11和4.79±3.22。 2.128例老年高血压患者社会支持总分为40.16±7.70,其中客观支持、主观支持和对社会支持的利用度分别为9.92±2.54、24.11±5.31和8.04±2.14。 3.老年高血压患者的自我效能与其社会支持呈正相关(r=0.481,P0.01)。 4.单因素分析显示,文化程度较高、有配偶、公费医疗、病程较长、合并有慢性病的老年高血压患者的自我效能较高,与其他组相比,差异有统计学意义(P0.05或(P0.01)。多因素分析显示,社会支持、有无合并慢性病和婚姻状况进入老年高血压患者自我效能为因变量的多重线性回归方程,解释了全部变异的31.8%。结论 1.老年高血压患者的自我效能较差,尤其体现在日常生活、健康行为和遵医行为等方面；老年高血压患者的社会支持处于中等水平。 2.老年高血压患者的社会支持与自我效能存在正相关关系,社会支持水平越高,自我效能越好。
[Abstract]:Background Hypertension is the most common chronic cardiovascular disease, in its long-term treatment and rehabilitation, the self-efficacy of patients is very important. To enhance healthy behavior and self-efficacy. However, there are few reports on the correlation between social support and self-efficacy in elderly patients with hypertension. To explore the correlation between social support and self-efficacy in elderly hypertensive patients may be the dry part of self-efficacy. To provide basis for clinical practice. Purpose To investigate the correlation between social support and self-efficacy in elderly patients with hypertension, the level of social support and self-efficacy and its influencing factors were measured. Method The convenience sampling method was used to investigate 128 elderly patients with hypertension in a Grade 3A Hospital. The general information questionnaire was used to evaluate the self-efficacy of hypertension patients. The social support rating scale was used to measure the general data, self-efficacy and social support status of the patients. After quantifying all the data, the data were input into the computer, and the database was established, and the statistical analysis was carried out with SPSS17.0 software. 1. Use frequency, percentage, mean and standard deviation to describe the general data of elderly patients with hypertension (social demographics and disease-related data), self-efficacy and social support; 2. T test, ANOVA and rank sum test were used to explore the influence of general data on patients' self-efficacy. 3. To explore the correlation between social support and self-efficacy by Pearson correlation analysis. 4. The total score of self-efficacy and the scores of each dimension (daily life, health behavior, medication and compliance) were taken as dependent variables, and the items with statistical differences in univariate analysis and correlation analysis were taken as independent variables. To investigate the influencing factors of self-efficacy by multiple linear regression analysis. Results 1.The total score of self-efficacy of 128 elderly patients with hypertension was 26.91 卤2.89, including daily life, healthy behavior and drug therapy. The scores of self-efficacy were 7.33 卤2.76 卤6.58 卤2.21 卤3.11 and 4.79 卤3.22, respectively. 2.The total score of social support in 128 elderly patients with hypertension was 40.16 卤7.70. The utilization of objective support, subjective support and social support was 9.92 卤2.54, respectively. 24.11 卤5.31 and 8.04 卤2.14. 3. There was a positive correlation between self efficacy and social support in elderly patients with hypertension. 4. Univariate analysis showed that the elderly patients with high education level, spouse, public medical treatment, longer course of disease and chronic diseases had higher self-efficacy, compared with other groups. The difference was statistically significant (P 0.05 or P 0.01). Multivariate analysis showed that social support. Multiple linear regression equations with or without chronic diseases and marital status as dependent variables of self-efficacy in elderly patients with hypertension explained the total variation of 31.8B. Conclusion 1. The self-efficacy of the elderly patients with hypertension is poor, especially in the aspects of daily life, health behavior and compliance behavior, and the social support of the elderly patients with hypertension is at the middle level. 2. There is a positive correlation between social support and self-efficacy in elderly patients with hypertension. The higher the level of social support, the better self-efficacy.
【学位授予单位】：新乡医学院
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：R473.5

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