丧偶后不同阶段老年人健康状况及影响因素研究

发布时间：2018-02-23 17:29

本文关键词： 丧偶老年人不同阶段健康状况影响因素　出处：《山东中医药大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：目的:通过对丧偶后三年内不同阶段的老年人的健康状况进行调查,了解丧偶后不同阶段老年人的健康状况,分析丧偶后不同阶段老年人健康状况的影响因素,为今后有针对性开展丧偶后不同阶段老年人的健康干预提供参考依据。方法:采用方便抽样方法,运用一般资料问卷、SF-12生命质量量表、UCLA孤独量表、GDS老年人抑郁量表及SSRS社会支持量表对丧偶后不同阶段的老年人进行调查;全部数据采用Epidata软件进行双录入,使用SPSS 21.0统计软件包进行统计分析,计量资料采用均值、标准差表示,计数资料采用频数、构成比表示;计量资料采用t检验或方差分析等,计数资料采用卡方检验;多因素分析采用逐步多重线性回归、Logistic回归分析。检验水准以P05.0,表示差异存在统计学意义。结果1.基本情况:纳入调查的丧偶老年人共计314例,新近丧偶阶段(丧偶后第1~3个月)老年人71例(占22.6%),早期丧偶阶段(丧偶后第4~6个月)78例(占24.8%),中期丧偶阶段(丧偶后第7~12个月)80例(25.5%),晚期丧偶阶段(丧偶后第13~36个月)85例(27.1%);各丧偶阶段老年人人口学资料无统计学差异(P05.0)。2.SF-12量表评分情况:不同丧偶阶段老年人SF-12量表得分不同,新近丧偶组(42.43?14.17),早期丧偶组(46.26?16.24),中期丧偶组(52.11?7.34),晚期丧偶组(52.77?13.08),丧偶6个月内老年人生命质量最低。多重线性回归分析显示,影响丧偶6个月老年人生命质量的主要影响因素有慢性病、城乡差异、居住状态、配偶的丧亡方式。3.UCLA孤独量表评分情况:不同丧偶阶段老年人UCLA孤独量得分不同,新近丧偶组(40.72?6.47),早期丧偶组(38.74?4.59),中期丧偶组(37.86?3.16),晚期丧偶组(35.67?4.98),新近丧偶阶段老年人孤独感最高(P05.0)。在新近丧偶阶段,居住状态、配偶不同丧亡方式对老年人的孤独感差异存在统计学意义(P05.0)。4.GDS老年抑郁量表评分情况:丧偶三年内老年人抑郁症状的发生率为38.6%,其中轻度抑郁症状有25.2%,中重度抑郁症状的发生率为13.4%,无抑郁症状者占61.5%。在丧偶6个月内,不同居住状态、慢性病状态及年龄对丧偶老年人抑郁症状发生状况差异均具有统计学意义(P05.0)。5.SSRS社会支持量表评分情况:不同丧偶阶段老年人社会支持状况不同,新近丧偶组(32.30?4.88),早期丧偶组(32.41?5.50),中期丧偶组(34.88?4.61),晚期丧偶组(35.62?4.43),丧偶6个月内老年人的社会支持状况最低(P05.0)。丧偶6个月内,不同性别、不同文化程度、城乡差异、不同居住状态以及不同慢性病状态对丧偶老年人社会支持现状差异具有统计学意义(P05.0)。结论1.丧偶三年内老年人的生命质量整体较低,丧偶6个月老年人的生命质量最低。就丧偶6个月内老年人而言,患有慢性病、农村、独居、配偶不可预料性丧亡为影响丧偶6个月内老年人生命质量的危险因素。2.丧偶三年内老年人的心理健康状况堪忧,新近丧偶阶段老年人孤独感最高,丧偶6个月内老年人抑郁症状发生率最高。独居、配偶不可预料性丧亡为新近丧偶老年人孤独感的危险因素。丧偶后6个月内,高龄、患慢性病的独居老年人抑郁症状的发生率高。3.丧偶三年内老年人的社会支持系统需要加强,丧偶6个月老年人的社会支持最低,女性、低文化程度、农村、独居、患慢性病为丧偶6个月老年人社会支持状况的危险因素。
[Abstract]:Objective: through the investigation of different stages of three years after the widowed in the health status of the elderly, widowed after different stages of understanding the health status of the elderly, widowed after the analysis of the factors influencing the health status of the elderly in different stages, for the future to provide reference for the different stages of widowed elderly people to carry out health intervention. Methods: using convenience sampling method, using the general information questionnaire, SF-12 life quality scale, UCLA scale, GDS scale and SSRS depression in the elderly social support scale to investigate the different stages of the widowed elderly people; all the data were input by Epidata software, using SPSS 21 statistical software package for statistical analysis, the measurement data using mean, standard deviation, count data using frequency, proportion; measurement data using t test and variance analysis, count data using chi square test cases; Stepwise multiple linear regression analysis, Logistic regression analysis. Standard test to P05.0, said there were statistically significant differences. Results of the 1. basic conditions: the investigation into the widowed elderly in 314 cases of newly widowed stage (widowed after 1~3 months) in 71 elderly patients (22.6%), early stage (after the widowed widowed the first 4~6 months) in 78 cases (24.8%), middle stage (7~12 after widowed widowed months) in 80 cases (25.5%), late stage (13~36 after widowed widowed months) in 85 cases (27.1%); the widowed elderly stage demographic data showed no statistically difference (P05.0).2.SF-12 scale the scores of different stages: widowed elderly SF-12 scores, newly widowed group (42.43? 14.17), early widowed group (46.26? 16.24), middle group widowed (52.11? 7.34), advanced group widowed (52.77? 13.08), quality of life or even 6 months old. Multiple linear minimum regression analysis showed that. The influencing factors mainly affect the quality of life of 6 months widowed elderly people with chronic diseases, the difference between urban and rural areas, living state, spouse bereavement.3.UCLA Loneliness Scale scores of different stages: widowed elderly UCLA loneliness scores, newly widowed group (40.72? 6.47), early widowed group (38.74? 4.59), interim the widowed group (37.86? 3.16), advanced group widowed (35.67? 4.98), newly widowed elderly loneliness highest stage (P05.0). Living in the newly widowed state stage, significant loneliness of the elderly of different spouse bereavement differences (P05.0).4.GDS Geriatric Depression Scale score: widowed three years old people the incidence of depressive symptoms was 38.6%, including mild depressive symptoms in 25.2%, severe depressive symptoms occurred in 13.4% of the depressive symptoms accounted for 61.5%. in the widowed 6 months, not living status, chronic disease status and age of death The depressive symptoms of elderly people even status differences were statistically significant (P05.0).5.SSRS social support scale: the different stages of the social support to the elderly in widowed, newly widowed group (32.30? 4.88), early widowed group (32.41? 5.50), middle group widowed (34.88? 4.61), widowed group (late 35.62? 4.43), or within 6 months of the elderly social support status of the lowest (P05.0). Different gender widowed within 6 months, the different cultural degree, the difference between urban and rural areas, different living conditions and different chronic diseases of the widowed elderly social support status. The difference was statistically significant (P05.0). Conclusion: 1. widowed quality three years of life of the elderly is low, widowed elderly 6 months. The lowest quality of life within 6 months of widowed elderly, suffering from chronic disease in rural areas, living alone, spouse can not expected of bereavement effect within 6 months of widowed elderly life .2. risk factors of quality of mental health status of widowed three years old people worrying, newly widowed elderly loneliness highest stage, widowed 6 months old. The highest incidence of depressive symptoms alone, spouse unpredictable bereavement risk factors for newly widowed elderly loneliness. 6 months after the widowed and the elderly, elderly people suffering from chronic diseases of the depressive symptoms of the high incidence of.3. within three years of widowed elderly social support system needs to be strengthened, the widowed elderly 6 months minimum social support, female, low education level, rural areas, living alone, suffering from chronic diseases for the elderly widowed 6 months of social support status the risk factors.

【学位授予单位】：山东中医药大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：R473.2

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