精神科临床实验室低血钾危急值的特点分析及应用

发布时间：2018-05-22 10:51

本文选题：临床实验室 + 精神科　；参考：《天津医科大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：目的:探讨精神科实验室低血钾危急值与临床应用的关系。方法:运用回顾性查阅病历的方法分析2011年1月份-2013年12月份三年间住院一个月及以上患者的相关临床资料。查阅临床资料的内容包括患者的性别、年龄、饮食情况、躯体疾病、用药种类、住院后的并发症以及出现低血钾危急值时的临床表现。运用统计学软件包SPSS19.0和SPSS PASW statistics V18.0对所研究数据进行统计分析,计量数据以均数±标准差表示,计数数据以百分率表示并应用卡方检验进行相关分析比较,当P0.05为有统计学差异。结果:2011年1月份-2013年12月份天津市安定医院临床实验室危急值报告例数总共856例,其中低血钾危急值总计512例,占临床实验室危急值报告总数的60%。临床实验室检测血浆钾总例数为50902例,512例为低血钾危急值总报出率为1.01%。其中男女比例约1:2,(?2=62.33,P0.05)说明低血钾危急值男女性别有统计学差异;(?2=7.942,P0.05)说明低血钾危急值在年龄分组间存在统计学差异;(?2=32.42,P0.05)说明低血钾危急值在季节分布间存在统计学差异;低血钾危急值夏季和秋季报出例数较高,占低血钾危急值总例数的64.9%;(?2=19.62,P0.05)说明低血钾危急值在精神科疾病病种分布间存在统计学差异。512例危急值中395例患者饮食情况为饮食不佳或饮食极差占低血钾危急值总例数的77.1%。在用药方面,368例低血钾危急值患者为联合用药,占危急值总例数的71.9%。结论:基于临床实验室低血钾危急值数据和临床资料的回顾性综合研究得出,性别因素、年龄因素、季节因素、饮食状况、患精神科疾病病种、精神科治疗药物服用情况、躯体疾病等互为因果均对于低血钾危急值的出现有着直接或间接的关系。具体为女性、年龄小于60岁的中青年、夏秋季节、饮食不佳或极差、联合用药的患者为低血钾危急值的高影响因素。摄入不足是精神科住院患者发生低血钾危急值的主要原因。
[Abstract]:Objective: to investigate the relationship between hypokalemia critical value and clinical application in psychiatric laboratory. Methods: the clinical data of patients who were hospitalized for one month or more from January 2011 to December 2013 were analyzed retrospectively. Clinical data included sex, age, diet, body disease, drug use, complications after hospitalization, and clinical manifestations of hypokalemia. Statistical software package SPSS19.0 and SPSS PASW statistics V18.0 were used to analyze the data. The measurement data were expressed as mean 卤standard deviation, the counting data were expressed as percentage and the correlation was compared by chi-square test. Results: from January 2011 to December 2013, a total of 856 cases of critical value of clinical laboratory in Tianjin Anding Hospital were reported, among which 512 cases of hypokalemia were reported, accounting for 60% of the total number of critical value reported in clinical laboratory. The total number of cases of plasma potassium detected in clinical laboratory was 50902 cases. The total reported rate of critical value of hypokalemia was 1.01%. The ratio of male to female was about 1: 2: 20.33% (P0.05). The results showed that there was a statistical difference in the critical value of hypokalemia between male and female (P 0.05).) there was a statistical difference in the critical value of hypokalemia among age groups (P 0.05), which indicated that the critical value of hypokalemia was significantly different in seasonal distribution. The critical value of hypokalemia was higher in summer and autumn. 64.9% of the total number of hypokalemic critical value (P 0.05) showed that there was a statistical difference in the distribution of hypokalemic critical value among the patients with psychiatric diseases. Among the 512cases of critical value, 395 patients' diet condition was poor diet or poor diet accounted for 77.1% of the total number of hypokalemic critical value cases. 368 patients with hypokalemic critical value were treated with combined therapy, accounting for 71.9% of the total critical value. Conclusion: based on the clinical laboratory hypokalemic critical value data and clinical data of comprehensive research, sex factors, age factors, seasonal factors, dietary status, suffering from psychiatric diseases, psychiatric treatment drug use situation, There is a direct or indirect relationship between the occurrence of hypokalemia and the occurrence of hypokalemia. In particular, women, younger than 60 years of age, summer and autumn season, poor or extremely poor diet, combined use of patients with high risk factors for hypokalemia. Inadequate intake is the main cause of hypokalemia in psychiatric inpatients.
【学位授予单位】：天津医科大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：R446.112

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