中国临终关怀服务的现状及分析

发布时间：2018-05-31 08:28

本文选题：临终关怀 + 人口老龄化　；参考：《上海交通大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：随着社会经济的发展和生活水平的提高,居民的平均寿命逐渐延长,我国人口老龄化日益严重,居民疾病谱也发生了明显变化。如何提高老年人的生活质量,如何使老年人正确看待死亡,如何让老年人有尊严、无遗憾地度过余生,也成为了社会广泛关注的焦点。临终关怀事业通过减轻临终者的痛苦,为没有治愈希望的患者提供心理慰藉和精神支持;同时使家属尽快摆脱逝去亲人的悲伤,回归正常生活,从而确保临终者及家属的生活品质达到最佳。与西方国家相比,我国临终关怀事业还处于起步阶段,仍存在相当多的问题。这些问题都是传统观念向现代观念过度造成的,包括:传统孝道观与病人自主权的伦理问题,传统死亡观与病人知情权的伦理问题,传统医德观与临终关怀服务理念的问题等。当今中国,人口老龄化显著,疾病谱随之变化,临终关怀需求逐渐增加,但临终关怀事业却困难重重。为了促进我国临终关怀事业的积极健康发展,我们可以寻求国家政策支持、广泛筹集资金、扩建临终关怀机构、壮大临终关怀队伍、规范专业培训等方面的改进,建立起符合我国国情的本土化临终关怀模式。
[Abstract]:With the development of social economy and the improvement of living standard, the average life span of residents is gradually prolonged, the aging of population in our country is becoming more and more serious, and the disease spectrum of residents has also changed obviously. How to improve the quality of life of the elderly, how to make the elderly see death correctly, how to make the elderly have dignity and spend the rest of their lives without regret, has also become the focus of social attention. By alleviating the pain of the dying, hospice care provides psychological comfort and spiritual support to patients who have no hope of healing. At the same time, they enable their families to get rid of the grief of their deceased relatives and return to normal life as soon as possible. In order to ensure the quality of life of the dying and their families to achieve the best. Compared with western countries, China's hospice care is still in its infancy, and there are still many problems. These problems are caused by the transition from traditional concepts to modern ones, including the ethical issues of traditional filial piety and patient autonomy, traditional death and patient's right to know, traditional medical ethics and hospice care service. In China, the aging population is obvious, the disease spectrum changes with it, the demand for hospice care increases gradually, but the hospice cause is difficult. In order to promote the positive and healthy development of hospice care in China, we can seek national policy support, raise funds extensively, expand hospice care institutions, expand hospice care teams, standardize professional training, and so on. To establish a local hospice care model in line with the national conditions of our country.
【学位授予单位】：上海交通大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：R48

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