便携静电纺丝装置作为伤口护理设备的初步应用探究

发布时间：2018-06-10 11:40

本文选题：静电纺丝 + 伤口敷料　；参考：《青岛大学》2016年硕士论文

【摘要】：静电纺丝制备微纳米纤维因具有独特的性能优势在伤口敷料等医学领域存在着巨大的应用前景。为加快电纺技术在医用敷料领域的应用转化进程,本文以便携电纺装置作为移动护理医疗设备,实现创面原位电纺敷料,简化电纺敷料使用过程为出发点设计了电池驱动、气流辅助、小型熔体等多款便携电纺装置,并对其制备体内外敷料的应用可能性做了初步探究。首先,设计了一款小型化电池驱动便携手持静电纺丝装置并对其工作性能、纺丝材料和效果进行了实验验证。该装置以自身配制的锂离子电池为工作电源,经外壳封装后只有成年人手掌大小,可以将高分子材料直接原位电纺在患者创面实现“定制纺丝”,及时有效保护伤口,简化了电纺敷料使用过程。因不使用外部电源供电,携带方便,本装置可作为家庭护理、现场急救、野外救助等医疗器材,很大程度上加快了电纺敷料从理论研究到生产实用的转化进程。其次,验证了气流辅助静电纺丝装置用于制备氰基丙烯酸酯医用胶体内止血敷料的生物安全性。外加气流可精确控制胶体纤维的沉积范围,有效避免组织粘连,提高操作安全性。相较于传统止血材料使用方式,该装置在大鼠肝切除创面直接原位电纺胶体止血敷料,可明显降低胶体使用量,加快伤口愈合速度,证明了新型静电纺丝技术用于制备体内敷料的可行性、实用性及优势,为电纺技术的生物医学应用提供了一个重要方向。最后,以Wimshurst感应起电机为工作电源,设计了一种熔体原位静电纺丝装置并对其工作原理和操作过程做了详细介绍。使用该电纺装置成功制备了聚乳酸、聚己内酯生物微纳米纤维,电纺纤维接触生物组织时的温度及其与生物组织的粘合力测试证明该熔体电纺装置制备纤维在伤口敷料应用上的可行性,有效避免了溶液电纺敷料中存在的残余溶剂毒性问题,推进了熔体电纺技术在伤口敷料应用上的发展速度。
[Abstract]:Microfibers prepared by electrostatic spinning have great application prospects in wound dressing and other medical fields because of their unique performance advantages. In order to speed up the process of application and transformation of electrospinning technology in the field of medical dressing, this paper designed the battery drive with portable electrospinning device as the mobile nursing medical equipment, realizing the wound in situ electrospinning dressing and simplifying the process of electrospinning dressing. A number of portable electrospinning devices, such as airflow assisted and small melt, were studied. The possibility of their application in preparation of in vivo and in vitro dressings was also discussed. Firstly, a portable electrostatic spinning device driven by miniaturized battery is designed and its performance, spinning material and effect are verified experimentally. The device uses the self-made lithium ion battery as the working power source and has only the size of the adult palm after the shell package. It can directly and in-situ electrospun the polymer material to realize "custom spinning" in the wound of the patient, so as to protect the wound in time and effectively. The application process of electrospun dressing is simplified. This device can be used as medical equipment such as home nursing, field first aid, field rescue and so on because it does not use external power supply and is convenient to carry. It speeds up the transformation process of electrospun dressing from theoretical research to practical production to a great extent. Secondly, the biological safety of the air-assisted electrostatic spinning device for the preparation of cyanoacrylate medical adhesive in vivo hemostatic dressing was verified. The applied airflow can accurately control the deposition range of colloidal fibers, effectively avoid tissue adhesion and improve the safety of operation. Compared with the traditional way of using hemostatic material, the device can directly spin the colloidal hemostatic dressing directly in situ on the rat hepatectomy wound, which can obviously reduce the amount of colloid used and accelerate the wound healing speed. It is proved that the new electrospinning technology is feasible, practical and advantageous for the preparation of in vivo dressing, which provides an important direction for the biomedical application of electrospinning technology. Finally, a melt in situ electrostatic spinning device is designed with Wimshurst induction motor as the working power source. The working principle and operation process of the device are introduced in detail. Poly (lactic acid) and poly (caprolactone) biological nanofibers were successfully prepared by using the electrospinning apparatus. The temperature of electrospun fiber in contact with biological tissue and its adhesive force with biological tissue proved the feasibility of preparing fiber in wound dressing by this melt electrospinning device, and the residual solvent toxicity problem in solution electrospun dressing was effectively avoided. The development speed of melt electrospinning technology in wound dressing application was promoted.
【学位授予单位】：青岛大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：R47

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