输血患者及献血者红细胞血型同种不规则抗体发生频率的回顾性分析

发布时间：2018-08-24 12:22

【摘要】：目的探讨患者及献血者人群中红细胞血型不规则抗体的发生频率及分布特点。方法收集本院临床红细胞标本32 496(人)份及献血者标本30 592(人)份,应用盐水法、试管抗球蛋白法、微柱凝胶法和各种血型定型试剂检定红细胞不规则抗体的特异性;调查红细胞不规则抗体患者的性别比例、有无输血史及妊娠史。结果本组红细胞血型不规则抗体筛选阳性率0.36%(230/63 080),其中同种抗体占93.04%(214/230),同种抗体+自身抗体0.43%(1/230),自身抗体占1.73%(4/230)例,未确定特异性的同种抗体占4.78%(11/230)。特异性抗体中,89.50%(196/219)来源于患者、发生频率0.31%(196/63 080),10.50%(23/219)来自献血者、发生频率0.04%(23/63 080)。结论患者不规则抗体发生频率明显高于献血者;为了避免患者免疫性输血反应的发生,减少献血者不规则抗体的输入,输血前全面开展红细胞同种免疫抗体筛检,对献血者血浆做次侧交叉配血,提高临床输血的安全性和有效性。
[Abstract]:Objective to investigate the frequency and distribution of irregular antibodies against erythrocyte blood group in patients and blood donors. Methods A total of 32 496 (human) and 30 592 (human) blood donors were collected in our hospital. The specificity of irregular antibodies of erythrocytes was detected by salt water method, tube antiglobulin method, microcolumn gel method and various blood typing reagents. To investigate the sex ratio, blood transfusion history and pregnancy history of patients with irregular antibodies to erythrocytes. Results the positive rate of irregular antibodies of erythrocyte blood group was 0.36% (230 / 63,080), of which alloantibodies were 93.04% (214 / 230), autoantibodies were 0.43% (1 / 230), autoantibodies were 1.73% (4 / 230), and undetermined specific autoantibodies were 4.78% (11 / 230). Of the specific antibodies, 89.50% (196 / 219) were from patients, and 0.31% (196 / 63,080) and 10.50% (23 / 219) were from donors. The frequency of occurrence was 0.04% (23 / 63,080). Conclusion the frequency of irregular antibodies in patients is significantly higher than that in blood donors. In order to improve the safety and effectiveness of clinical blood transfusion, blood donors were matched with subside cross blood.
【作者单位】： 苏州大学附属第二医院输血科;宿迁市第一人民医院;天津市疾病预防控制中心;
【分类号】：R457.1
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本文编号：2200805