哮喘儿童家庭管理与韧性、生命质量的相关性研究

发布时间：2018-09-05 14:24

【摘要】：目的：了解哮喘儿童家庭管理、韧性、生命质量的现状：分析一般人口学特征对哮喘儿童家庭管理、韧性及生命质量的影响因素；探讨家庭管理与韧性、生命质量关系。方法：采用便利抽样法,选取两所三级甲等医院156名确诊为哮喘疾病的儿童进行问卷测试。研究工具有：一般情况调查表、慢性病儿童家庭管理量表、慢性病儿童韧性量表、哮喘儿童生命质量量表；其中针对2～6岁哮喘儿童采用PedsQLTM哮喘特异性家长代评量表,7-17岁哮喘儿童采用哮喘儿童中文版生命质量问卷。运用EPIDATA3.0l软件进行录入,利用SPSS17.0统计软件进行整理、分析。采用百分率、均数、标准差、t检验、ANOVA单因素分析及Pearson相关分析、多元回归分析法进行统计分析。结果：1.哮喘儿童家庭的一般情况本次调查的哮喘儿童家庭居住地一半在城市,父母的学历大专以上居多。职业情况中临时工作的占58.7%,具有正式工作的只占24.7%；教养方式中家庭对哮喘儿童的管教方式专制的占少数；大部分家庭都没有养宠物及花草,但是在吸烟情况中50.6%的家长有在家中吸烟的情况；而疾病了解情况中对疾病了解的占30.1%,比较了解占45.5%,不了解的占24.4%。2.哮喘儿童一般情况本次参与调查的哮喘儿童共156人,平均年龄为7.824±3.2,其中2～6岁哮喘儿童有51人占32.7%,7～17岁有105人占67.3%。男生所占比例多于女生；病程小于一年的占34.0%,1至3年的占39.7%,大于3年的占26.3%；多半儿童都能够定期复查。3.哮喘儿童家庭管理现状及单因素分析哮喘儿童家庭管理平均得分为(3.39±0.28),处于中等水平,其中年龄、家庭所在地、父母文化程度、照顾者职业状况、教养方式、家居环境中的宠物因素、定期复诊、疾病了解情况差异具有统计意义(p0.05)；病程与家居环境中的花草和吸烟情况无统计学意义(p0.05)。4.哮喘儿童韧性现状及单因素分析哮喘儿童韧性平均得分为(2.74±0.29),处于中等水平,其中年龄、家庭所在地、父母文化程度、照顾者职业状况、教养方式、病程、定期复诊、疾病了解情况差异具有统计意义(p0.05)：家居环境无统计学意义(p0.05)5.哮喘儿童生命质量现状及单因素分析2～6岁哮喘儿童生命质量平均分数为(3.294±0.32),处于中等水平。其中家庭所在地、定期复诊、病程、疾病了解情况差异具有统计意义(p0.05)；性别、父母文化程度、照顾者职业状况、教养方式、家居环境均无统计学意义(p0.05)。7～17岁哮喘儿童生命质量平均分数为(5.38±0.75),处于中上等水平。其中家庭所在地、父母学历、照顾者职业状况、教育方式、定期复诊、疾病了解情况差异具有统计意义(p0.05)；性别、病程、家居环境均无统计学意义(p0.05)。6.哮喘儿童家庭管理与韧性、生命质量的关系研究哮喘儿童家庭管理与韧性、生命质量存在显著相关性。哮喘儿童家庭管理与韧性呈显著正相关：哮喘儿童家庭管理与生命质量呈显著正相关。哮喘儿童韧性和生命质量呈显著正相关。7.哮喘儿童家庭管理与韧性、生命质量的回归分析家庭管理和韧性对哮喘儿童生命质量有正向预测作用。结论：哮喘儿童家庭管理、韧性、生命质量总体来说处于中等水平；家庭管理与韧性均对生命质量有影响,其中家庭管理对生命质量的联系更为密切。家庭管理与韧性、生命质量之间存在相关性。
[Abstract]:Objective: To understand the status of family management, resilience and quality of life in asthmatic children: To analyze the influencing factors of general demographic characteristics on family management, resilience and quality of life in asthmatic children, and to explore the relationship between family management and resilience and quality of life. The children with asthma were tested by questionnaire. The research tools included: general condition questionnaire, chronic disease children's family management scale, chronic disease children's resilience scale, asthma children's quality of life scale; PedsQLTM asthma-specific parent rating scale was used for children with asthma aged 2-6 years, and Chinese version of asthma children's life scale was used for children aged 7-17 years. Quality Questionnaire. EPIDATA3.0l software was used to input, and SPSS17.0 statistical software was used to collate and analyze. Percentage, mean, standard deviation, t test, ANOVA single factor analysis and Pearson correlation analysis were used to analyze the statistical analysis. Results: 1. The general situation of asthmatic children's families in this survey. Half of the households were in cities, with 58.7% of the parents working temporarily and 24.7% having formal jobs; a few were brought up with autocratic parenting styles for asthmatic children; most families had no pets or flowers, but 50.6% of the parents smoked at home. Smoking status; and disease awareness of disease awareness accounted for 30.1%, 45.5% of the comparative understanding, 24.4% of the unknown. 2. Asthma children in this survey of 156 children with asthma, the average age was 7.824 + 3.2, of which 51 children aged 2-6 years old asthma accounted for 32.7%, 7-17 years old 105 people accounted for 67.3%. The average score of asthmatic children's family management and univariate analysis was (3.39 0.28). The average score of asthmatic children's family management was (3.39 0.28), which was in the middle level, including age, family location, parents'educational level and caregiver's position. Occupational status, parenting style, pet factors in the home environment, regular follow-up visits, the difference in disease understanding was statistically significant (p0.05); the course of disease and the home environment of flowers and tobacco smoking were not statistically significant (p0.05). 4. asthmatic children's resilience status and univariate analysis of the average score of children with asthma resilience was (2.74 + 0.29), in moderate water. Among them, age, family location, parents'educational level, caregivers' occupational status, parenting style, course of disease, regular follow-up visits, the difference of disease understanding was statistically significant (p0.05): There was no statistical significance in the home environment (p0.05). 5. Asthma children's quality of life status and univariate analysis 2-6 years old asthmatic children's quality of life average score was (3.294). There was no significant difference in sex, parental education, caregivers'occupational status, parental rearing style, and home environment (p0.05). the average score of life quality of asthmatic children aged 7-17 years old was (5.38 + 0.75), which was in the middle and upper class. Among them, family location, parental education, caregivers'occupational status, education, regular follow-up visits, disease awareness were statistically significant (p0.05); gender, course of disease, home environment were not statistically significant (p0.05). 6. asthmatic children's family management and resilience, quality of life relationship between asthmatic children's family management and resilience, health There was a significant positive correlation between family management and resilience in asthmatic children. There was a significant positive correlation between family management and quality of life in asthmatic children. Conclusion: Family management, resilience and quality of life of asthmatic children are in the middle level on the whole; family management and resilience have influence on the quality of life, and family management is more closely related to the quality of life.
【学位授予单位】：延边大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：R473.2

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