护理人员预防与控制手术部位感染最佳临床实践调查研究

发布时间：2019-05-11 22:39

【摘要】：目的了解我国护理人员在落实手术部位感染预防与控制最佳实践的现状,为卫生行政部门制定相关医院感染预防与控制政策、落实医院感染最佳实践提供科学依据。方法 2015年7月1-30日采用流行病学横断面调查方法,调查医院及护理人员基本情况和调查当日手术部位感染最佳实践的落实情况。结果 15个省市/自治区/直辖市122所医院参与了调查,发放调查问卷3 629份,回收3 520份,回收率为97.00%;三级医院101所占82.7%,公立医院118所占96.7%,综合医院101所占82.7%,参与调查的医院平均开放床位数1 001张,在岗护理人员574名;在围术期护理方面,5.7%的患者备皮方式为剪毛,1.7%的患者使用了含氯己定成分浴液,监测血糖/控制血糖和术中保温纳入医嘱的比例分别为46.3%和3.6%;去除毛发的方式、去毛时间、使用氯己定成分的浴液进行术前沐浴等,在二、三级医院分布差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论围术期护理临床实践与感染控制最佳实践之间存在距离和鸿沟,卫生行政部门应该制定相应的政策和指标体系,从顶层设计上推行和落实护理人员围术期管理,预防与控制手术部位感染。
[Abstract]:Objective to understand the present situation of best practices in prevention and control of surgical site infection among nursing staff in China, and to provide scientific basis for health administrative departments to formulate relevant policies for the prevention and control of hospital infection and to implement the best practice of hospital infection. Methods from July 1 to 30, 2015, epidemiological cross-section survey was used to investigate the basic situation of hospital and nursing staff and the implementation of best practice of surgical site infection on the same day. Results 122 hospitals in 15 provinces / autonomous regions / municipalities directly under the Central Government participated in the survey. 3629 questionnaires were sent out, 3520 were recovered, and the recovery rate was 97.00%. 101 hospitals accounted for 82.7%, 118 public hospitals accounted for 96.7%, 101 general hospitals accounted for 82.7%. The average number of open beds in the survey was 1 001, and 574 nursing staff were on duty. In perioperative nursing, 5.7% of the patients prepared skin for hair shearing, 1.7% of the patients used chlorhexidine bath solution, and the proportion of monitoring blood glucose / controlling blood glucose and intraoperative heat preservation was 46.3% and 3.6%, respectively. The way of hair removal, the time of hair removal, the use of chlorhexidine bath solution for preoperative bath, and so on, there was significant difference in the distribution of chlorhexidine in the second and third level hospitals (P 0.05). Conclusion there is a distance and gap between the clinical practice of perioperative nursing and the best practice of infection control. The administrative department of health should formulate the corresponding policy and index system, and carry out the perioperative management of nursing staff from the top level design. Prevention and control of surgical site infection.
【作者单位】：北京医院医院感染管理处;北京大学人民医院医院感染管理办公室;北京中医医院护理部;解放军总医院感染管理与疾病控制科;宁夏医科大学总医院护理部;
【基金】：中美新发和再发传染病合作基金资助项目(5U2GGH000018) 北京医院科研基金资助项目(Bj-2015-118)
【分类号】：R472.3

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