富平县奶山羊产业发展状况及技术研究分析

发布时间：2018-01-14 03:34

本文关键词：富平县奶山羊产业发展状况及技术研究分析　出处：《东北农业大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：近年来,世界山羊的存栏数一直在稳步增长,随着山羊奶的营养价值被越来越多的消费者所认可,山羊奶制品市场供不应求,奶山羊经济价值高、生产用途广泛,因此受到许多国家的重视,奶山羊产业发展在世界各国间、地区间差异较大,奶山羊产业比较发达的是欧洲的一些国家。就中国奶山羊的养殖情况和羊奶产业的发展情况来看,仍然具有很大的发展空间,且当今国内牛奶产业的发展基本趋于饱和状态,因此奶山羊养殖将作为畜牧业的一个重点分支。我国奶山羊分布多在北方地区,南方较少,其中存栏数最多的是陕西省。奶山羊是陕西省独具特色的优势产业,长久以来已经形成了关中优势产区,大力发展奶山羊产业对促进特色产业发展具有重要意义。富平县既是全国奶山羊基地县,又是关中奶山羊养殖基地,奶山羊生产已成为富平县农村经济不可或缺的支柱产业,通过调查了解掌握富平县奶山羊产业发展现状的各个方面,解决奶山羊产业发展中存在的问题,为企业和当地经济发展提供参考,对奶山羊产业的全面发展具有重大意义,同时也可推进富平县的经济发展。首先,本文搜索世界、中国、国内外以及陕西省富平县奶山羊产业信息,对世界、国内外、中国、陕西省奶山羊产业发展现状进行了分析,世界以及部分国家奶山羊存栏数、产奶量呈总体上升趋势,奶山羊产业发展潜力大。其次,深入分析富平县奶山羊产业发展现状,调研富平县的15个养殖场,调研所得到的数据为依据,分别研究了富平县奶山羊的存栏数与分布,奶山羊的生产水平,奶山羊的饲养模式,奶山羊的饲草饲料状况,奶山羊的疫病预防状况,乳品加工企业以及经济效益。通过分析可得知,富平县奶山羊的存栏数持续增加,奶山羊主要分布在刘集镇和王廖镇,奶山羊的总体生产水平和个体生产都有所提高,个体生产水平差异较大,奶山羊的饲养规模以小规模为主,饲养方式以舍饲为主,奶山羊的饲草饲料主要以当地农副产品为主,在奶山羊疾病中,危害最大的主要是乳房炎和小反刍兽疫病,乳品加工企业共六家,年加工奶粉8万吨以上,奶山羊的产值稳步增加。再次,分析富平县奶山羊的产业优势,分别是品种资源优势、羊奶加工规模优势和饲料饲草资源优势。最后,通过现状的分析提出富平县奶山羊产业发展所存在的问题,分别是优良品种选育不足,良种覆盖率低;规模化养殖少,饲养管理水平低;疫病控制存在不足;龙头企业的带动力不足;市场管理薄弱,羊奶供应不稳定;养殖业资金投入不足;专业技术人员缺乏。针对以上问题探索合理的发展思路和对策,针对富平县奶山羊产业的发展,提出以下10点建议:(1)重视良种选育,提高奶山羊生产性能。(2)积极发展规模化养殖,转变落后的饲养模式。(3)加强疫病防控,保证健康发展。(4)加强政府支持力度,创造良好环境。(5)加大资金投入,为产业发展奠定经济基础。(6)发展壮大龙头企业,延长产业链。(7)建立自控奶源,保证乳制品质量安全发展。(8)开发新产品,丰富乳业市场。
[Abstract]:In recent years, the number of world population goats has been increasing steadily, with the nutritional value of goat milk is more and more recognized by consumers, the market of dairy goat milk goat in short supply, high economic value, the production of a wide range of uses, so many countries pay attention to milk, goat industry development among the countries in the world, regional differences the more developed, the dairy goat industry is in some European countries. The development China dairy goat breeding and goats'milk industry, still has great room for development, and development of the domestic milk industry tends to be saturated, so dairy goat breeding will serve as a key branch of animal husbandry. The distribution of goat milk our country in the north, the south is less, the population is the largest in Shaanxi province. Shaanxi province dairy goat is a unique advantage industry, has long formed a close In favorable areas, vigorously develop the dairy goat industry has important significance for promoting the development of local industries. Fuping county is a national dairy goat base county, and Guanzhong dairy goat breeding base, dairy goat production has become a pillar industry indispensable rural economy of Fuping County, through the investigation and understand all aspects of the current situation of the development of industry in Fuping county master goat milk and to solve the existing problems in the development of dairy goat industry, to provide reference for enterprises and local economic development is of great significance to the overall development of dairy goat industry, but also can promote the economic development of Fuping county. First of all, this paper search the world, China, at home and abroad, Fuping County of Shaanxi province dairy goat industry information, to the world China, at home and abroad, and analyzed the current development situation of Shaanxi province dairy goat industry, the world and part of the national dairy goat herds, milk production showed an overall upward trend, goat Industry development potential. Secondly, in-depth analysis of the status of the development of Fuping County dairy goat industry, research Fuping county 15 farms, according to the data obtained by the investigation, the population and distribution of Fuping County dairy goats were studied, the dairy goat production level, feeding mode of dairy goat, forage in milk goat, goat disease prevention, dairy processing enterprises and economic benefits. The analysis shows the total number of Fuping County dairy goat milk goat continued to increase, mainly in Liu town and Wang Liao Town, the overall level of dairy goat production and individual production are improved, individual differences in the level of production is large, feeding the size of the dairy goat on a small scale, feeding to feeding, forage dairy goats mainly to the local agricultural and sideline products mainly in dairy goat diseases, the greatest harm is mainly breast inflammation and small ruminant animal Blight, dairy processing enterprises a total of six, the annual processing 80 thousand tons of milk, dairy goat production increased steadily. Thirdly, analysis of Fuping County dairy goat industry advantage are varieties resource advantage, scale advantage and advantage of goats'milk processing forage feed. Finally, through the analysis of the current situation of existing development of goat industry in Fuping county the problem of milk, are good breeding, seed coverage is low; scale breeding, feeding and management level is low; disease control problems; lack of power enterprises; market management is weak, lack of goats' milk supply instability; aquaculture investment; the lack of professional and technical personnel. In view of the above problems, explore the development of ideas and reasonable measures in Fuping County, the development of dairy goat industry, put forward the following 10 suggestions: (1) pay attention to breeding, improve the production performance of dairy goats. (2) the positive development of large-scale farming, Change the backward feeding mode. (3) to strengthen disease prevention and control, to ensure the healthy development. (4) to strengthen government support, to create a good environment. (5) to increase capital investment, to lay the economic foundation for the development of the industry. (6) the development and growth of leading enterprises, to extend the industrial chain. (7) the establishment of automatic milk, ensure the safe development of the quality of dairy products. (8) the development of new products, rich dairy market.

【学位授予单位】：东北农业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：F326.3

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