产业转移对我国不同区域技术效率的影响研究

发布时间：2018-01-21 21:54

本文关键词： 工业产业转移随机前沿生产函数技术效率　出处：《西北师范大学》2016年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：改革开放以来,东部地区凭借着优越的地理位置和优厚的政策吸引了发达国家和地区在此投资建厂。中国的制造业有着其它地区无法比拟的劳动力和要素成本优势,借此中国逐渐成为了世界工厂。然而随着东部沿海地区工业集聚程度的加深,资源、环境等承载压力逐渐增大,拥挤现象越发严重,技术效率也因受到了拥挤效应的影响而不断降低,土地供给的压力也促使着东部地区的企业向外转移。与此同时,中、西部地区的工业比重明显偏低,尤其是西部地区相对于其它地区来说工业比重一直处于较低的水平,工业化进程的缓慢严重影响了其技术效率的改善。然而,西部地区有着廉价的要素资源和巨大的市场潜力,这对于东部地区的部分企业来说有着天然的吸引力。如果能够将东部地区部分失去比较优势的企业转移到西部地区来,不仅可以减轻东部地区的拥挤效应,还可以促进西部地区的工业化进程,最重要的是两者的技术效率都将得到改善。国内外学者对产业转移的研究开展较早,但是较少有人研究产业转移对转出地和承接地技术效率的影响,本文以工业总产值占全国比重的变化来代表相对产业转移,以1990—2011年中国30个省份的数据为研究对象,考察产业转移对不同地区技术效率的影响。首先利用全国30个省22年的GDP、劳动和资本数据,采用随机前沿生产函数模型求出各个省每一年份的技术效率,然后建立起产业转移与技术效率两者之间的模型,探讨两者之间的到底存在着怎样的关系。研究的结果表明:技术效率从高到低依次为东部、东北、中部和西部地区,而且技术效率还有不断恶化的趋势。处于东部和中部地区的省份,其工业产值占全国比重的上升会使其技术效率恶化,但是位于西部地区省份的效率水平会随着比重的上升而提高。工业比重的上升对技术效率的影响随着生产单位所在区域的不同而不同。因此,如果能采取有效措施将东部地区失去优势的产业转移到西部地区来,不仅可以在全国层面上优化资源的空间配置,更能促进中国整体技术效率的提升。
[Abstract]:Since the reform and opening up. The eastern region has attracted developed countries and regions to invest and build factories here by virtue of its superior geographical location and favorable policies. China's manufacturing industry has an unparalleled advantage in labor and factor costs compared with other regions. As a result, China has gradually become the world's factory. However, with the deepening of industrial agglomeration in the eastern coastal areas, the pressure of carrying resources and environment is gradually increasing, and the congestion is becoming more and more serious. The technical efficiency is also reduced because of the effect of congestion, and the pressure of land supply is also promoting the enterprises in the eastern region to move outward. At the same time, the proportion of industry in the western region is obviously low. Especially compared with other regions, the industrial proportion of the western region has been in a low level, the slow process of industrialization has seriously affected the improvement of its technical efficiency. The western region has the cheap essential factor resources and the huge market potential. This is a natural attraction for some enterprises in the eastern region. If we can transfer the enterprises losing the comparative advantage in the eastern region to the western region, it can not only reduce the congestion effect in the eastern region. It can also promote the process of industrialization in the western region, the most important thing is that the technical efficiency of both will be improved. However, few people study the impact of industrial transfer on the transfer and acceptance of technology efficiency. This paper takes the change of the proportion of industrial output value in the whole country to represent the relative industrial transfer. Based on the data of 30 provinces in China from 1990 to 2011, the effects of industrial transfer on the technical efficiency of different regions were investigated. Firstly, the GDP of 30 provinces in China was used for 22 years. Based on the data of labor and capital, the technical efficiency of each province is calculated by using the stochastic frontier production function model, and then the model between industrial transfer and technological efficiency is established. The research results show that the order of technical efficiency from high to low is the eastern, northeast, central and western regions. There is also a tendency for technological efficiency to deteriorate. In provinces in the eastern and central regions, an increase in the share of industrial output in the whole country will worsen its technical efficiency. However, the efficiency level of the provinces in the western region will increase with the increase of the proportion of industry. The impact of the rise of industrial proportion on the technical efficiency varies with the region where the production units are located. If we can take effective measures to transfer the industries in the east to the western regions, we can not only optimize the spatial allocation of resources at the national level, but also promote the overall technological efficiency of China.
【学位授予单位】：西北师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：F224;F424

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