中国养老服务产业发展中的政府角色研究

发布时间：2018-02-20 07:07

本文关键词： 人口老龄化养老服务养老服务业政府角色　出处：《东北财经大学》2016年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：我国自1999年起,正式迈入人口老龄化国家,截止到2015年,民政部社会服务发展统计公报数据显示,我国60岁以上的老年人口已经达到2.22亿,占总人口的16.1%。按照国际公认标准,我国已进入深度老龄化社会阶段,我国老龄化呈现数量大、发展快、高龄化、城乡差别大、未富先老、未备先老的特点,随着中国老龄人口的不断增多,群众养老需求的逐步增加,政府在养老保障方面开始力不从心。养老成本不断飙升,一方面随着中国人口预期寿命的不断延长,领取养老金的老年人比重不断增加;另一方面劳动年龄人口基金缴费率的平均增长率则逐渐下降,造成政府财政负担。中国面临着为老年人谋福祉和实现国家健康快速可持续发展的双重压力,在此背景下,发展养老服务产业,积极应对人口老龄化显得尤为紧迫。为了实现老有所养、老有所医,老有所为、老有所乐,全面、多样、高质量满足老年人需求,目前我国已初步建立社会养老服务体系,初步形成老年服务与消费市场,通过政策推动、企业参与、市场运作、统筹规划、社会支持,多举并措促进养老服务业健康快速发展。本文采用文献分析法及问卷调查法,通过对杭州市养老服务业的发展现状问卷调查、养老机构负责人电话访谈,对数据分析研究,结合民政部发布政策文件及统计数据,并结合相关专家和学者的论文及著作,以政府角色理论和福利多元化理论为基础,通过界定养老服务产业中我国政府承担者掌舵者、服务者、仲裁者及平衡者的角色及其职能表现,分析政府在养老服务业发展中在统筹主导、提供服务、评估监管及维护公平方面存在的问题,研究探索导致这些问题出现的原因。通过比较分析法,由发达国家经验以及我国实际社会情况,统筹全局做好掌舵者角色、促进养老服务供求平衡做好服务者角色、健全养老服务业监管体系,做好仲裁者角色及注重养老服务业协调推进,做好平衡者角色四个方面,为中国养老服务产业的发展中的政府角色进行归位。
[Abstract]:Since 1999, China has formally entered the country with an aging population. By 2015, the statistics bulletin of the Ministry of Civil Affairs on the development of social services shows that the elderly population over 60 years old in China has reached 222 million, accounting for 16.1th of the total population. According to internationally recognized standards, Our country has entered the stage of deep aging society, the aging of our country presents the characteristics of large number, rapid development, aging, the difference between urban and rural areas, the old before rich, the old before preparation, with the increasing of the aging population in China. With the increasing demand of the masses for the aged, the government is beginning to be unable to do its best in the field of old-age security. The cost of providing for the aged is soaring. On the one hand, with the continuous extension of the life expectancy of the Chinese population, the proportion of the elderly receiving pension is increasing. On the other hand, the average growth rate of the working-age UNFPA contribution rate has gradually decreased, resulting in a financial burden on the government. In this context, China is facing the double pressure of seeking for the well-being of the elderly and achieving a healthy and rapid and sustainable development of the country. It is particularly urgent to develop the old-age service industry and actively respond to the aging population. In order to achieve a sense of security for the elderly, a sense of care for the elderly, a sense of care for the elderly, a sense of happiness for the elderly, comprehensive, diverse and high quality to meet the needs of the elderly, At present, our country has initially established a social pension service system, initially forming the elderly service and consumer market, through policy promotion, enterprise participation, market operation, overall planning, and social support. This paper adopts the method of literature analysis and questionnaire survey to investigate the current situation of the development of the pension service industry in Hangzhou, telephone interviews with the responsible persons of the pension institutions, and analysis of the data. In combination with the policy documents and statistics issued by the Ministry of Civil Affairs and the papers and works of relevant experts and scholars, based on the theory of government role and the theory of diversification of welfare, this paper defines the leaders of the government in the pension service industry. The roles of service providers, arbitrators and balancing agents and their functional performance, and the analysis of the government's problems in co-ordinating the development of the old-age service industry, providing services, assessing supervision and safeguarding fairness, Through comparative analysis, through the experience of developed countries and the actual social situation of our country, we can make a good coordination of the role of the steward of the overall situation, promote the balance of supply and demand of the old-age service to do a good job of the role of the service. Improve the supervision system of the pension service industry, do a good job in the role of arbiter and pay attention to the coordinated promotion of the pension service industry, do a good job of balancing the role of the four aspects, for the development of China's old-age service industry in the role of the government to return.
【学位授予单位】：东北财经大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：D669.6

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