产业关联、市场竞争与地区新生企业产能累积

发布时间：2018-02-26 01:03

本文关键词： 新生企业产能产业关联效应市场竞争效应行业市场潜能　出处：《中国工业经济》2017年09期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：新生企业产能不仅是改变区域工业产出水平的重要力量,而且成为地区产能过剩的导火线。本文基于1998—2009年326个地级市层面的平衡面板数据,通过折现方法从中国工业企业数据库中获得新生企业成立当年的产出数据,从关联效应和竞争效应两个方面考察既有产业基础对地区各产业新生企业产能的作用机制,并使用"市场中心度"和"地理中心度"为工具变量以解决行业市场潜能变量的内生性导致的估计偏误问题,进而通过专业化外部性指数和多样化外部性指数对作用机制进行识别与校验。结果表明:产业关联效应与市场竞争效应对地区新生企业产能的作用显著存在,并依赖产业特征而表现出吸引和排斥效应。既有产业在争夺下游消费市场方面会排斥新生企业产能,而在提供投入品角度则吸引新生企业产能,不同产业的相互吸引与排斥是造成各行业新生企业产能空间分布不均衡的重要原因。实证结果证明,既有产业空间分布的综合作用会给予某些地区的特定产业利润优势,这种市场力量催生的新生企业能够快速累积产能并形成产能过剩。在兼顾公平与效率前提下,本文识别了当前缺乏市场优势的过剩产能行业的地区分布,为更好地推进"去产能"工作提供政策启示。
[Abstract]:The production capacity of nascent enterprises is not only an important force to change the level of regional industrial output, but also a trigger for regional overcapacity. This paper based on the balance panel data of 326 prefecture-level cities from 1998 to 2009. Through the discounted method, the output data of the nascent enterprises in the year of establishment are obtained from the database of China's industrial enterprises, and the mechanism of the existing industrial bases acting on the production capacity of the nascent enterprises in various industries in the region is investigated from the two aspects of the correlation effect and the competition effect. And using "market centrality" and "geographical centrality" as tool variables to solve the problem of estimation bias caused by endogenous market potential variables. Then the mechanism is identified and verified by specialization externality index and diversification externality index. The results show that the effect of industrial association effect and market competition effect on the production capacity of regional nascent enterprises is significant. Based on the characteristics of the industry, it shows the attraction and exclusion effect. The existing industries will reject the production capacity of the new enterprises in the competition for the downstream consumer market, while in the angle of providing inputs, they will attract the capacity of the new enterprises. The mutual attraction and exclusion of different industries are the important reasons for the imbalance of the spatial distribution of the production capacity of the new enterprises in various industries. The empirical results show that the combined effect of the spatial distribution of the existing industries will give certain regions the advantage of specific industry profits. This new enterprise can quickly accumulate capacity and form overcapacity. On the premise of fairness and efficiency, this paper identifies the regional distribution of overcapacity industries that lack market advantages. In order to better promote the "go capacity" work to provide policy inspiration.
【作者单位】：武汉大学经济发展研究中心、经济与管理学院;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金面上项目“企业区位再选择与地区生产率提升政策”(批准号71373189)
【分类号】：F424

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