标准化水平对中国高技术产业国际竞争优势变动的影响研究

发布时间：2018-03-07 20:49

本文选题：国际竞争优势　切入点：钻石模型　出处：《江苏大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：改革开放以来,我国高技术产业发展迅猛,产业规模连年扩大,科技水平不断提升。依据亚洲开发银行发布的数据,2014年中国高科技产品出口占据亚洲全部高科技产品出口的43.7%,尤其是在航天航空器、超级计算机、高铁等方面取得了重大突破,建设了一批具有国际竞争优势的产业和企业,已经超过日本高科技出口额成为亚洲第一大高科技产品出口国。我国高科技产品产业化速度加快,附加值也逐渐增加,然而,我国高技术产业依然存在一些问题。一方面,我国高技术产业发展还处于跟跑阶段,自主创新能力以及原发性创造较弱,直接限制了我国高技术产业核心竞争优势的提升;另一方面,我国高技术产业对外贸易不同程度地遭受到了欧美等发达国家为了保护本国产业而实施的技术性贸易壁垒,严重制约了我国高技术产业对外贸易持续快速发展。因此,加强创新能力以及加快我国标准化战略进程,对于推动高技术产业向中高端迈进,提升产业国际竞争优势具有重要意义。在国内外制造业回归的大背景下,从利用标准化促进高技术产业国际竞争优势提升的目标出发,对国内外相关文献进行梳理。依据现有的比较优势理论和竞争优势理论,展开了标准化提升我国高技术产业国际竞争优势的作用机理分析。依次分析了我国高技术产业国际竞争优势的现状以及其标准化进程,研究了标准化对我国高技术产业国际竞争优势的影响,并围绕利用标准化提升中国高技术产业国际竞争优势的策略展开了探讨。通过对国内外相关文献的归纳总结后发现,尚未有把标准化作为影响因素研究高技术产业国际竞争优势的文献。论文基于波特的“钻石模型”演绎了标准化影响高技术产业国际竞争优势的机理,运用熵权TOPSIS法对中国高技术产业国际竞争优势进行综合测算,结果显示我国高技术产业国际竞争优势综合指数呈螺旋上升趋势。基于2007-2014年中国高技术产业相关数据,通过广义灰色关联分析法研究了标准化水平、技术创新活动对我国高技术产业国际竞争优势变动的影响。结果表明:标准化水平与其存在较强的关联性,尤其是标准化水平的增加速度与高技术产业国际竞争优势的提升是密不可分的;同时,新产品开发经费与RD经费投入的增加在促进高技术产业国际竞争优势中发挥着重要作用。基于1995-2015年中国高技术产业分行业面板数据,采用变系数固定效应模型分析了各行业标准化水平对各行业国际竞争优势的影响,结论表明中国高技术产业分行业的标准化水平提高或标准存量增加能正向促进高技术产业分行业国际竞争优势的提升。最后,针对目前我国高技术产业国际竞争优势存在的问题,从完善标准研发体制、加快标准化进程、提升国家标准的标准化水平以及依据产学研协同创新推动标准创新等方面进行了对策探讨。
[Abstract]:Since the reform and opening up, China's high-tech industry has developed rapidly and the industrial scale has been expanding year after year. The level of science and technology is constantly improving. According to data released by the Asian Development Bank, China's high-tech exports accounted for 43.7 percent of all high-tech exports in Asia in 2014, especially in the areas of aerospace aircraft, supercomputers, high-speed rail, and so on. A number of industries and enterprises with international competitive advantages have been built, which have surpassed Japan's high-tech exports to become the largest export countries of high-tech products in Asia. The industrialization of high-tech products in China has accelerated, and the added value has gradually increased. On the one hand, the development of China's high-tech industry is still in the stage of running, the independent innovation ability and primary creation are weak, which directly limits the promotion of the core competitive advantage of China's high-tech industry. On the other hand, foreign trade in China's high-tech industries has to varying degrees been subjected to technical barriers to trade implemented by developed countries such as Europe and the United States in order to protect their own industries. Therefore, strengthening innovation ability and speeding up the process of standardization strategy of our country will promote the development of high-tech industry to the middle and high end. It is of great significance to promote the international competitive advantage of the industry. Under the background of the return of the domestic and foreign manufacturing industry, the aim of promoting the international competitive advantage of the high-tech industry by using standardization is discussed. According to the existing comparative advantage theory and competitive advantage theory, This paper analyzes the mechanism of standardization to promote the international competitive advantage of high-tech industry in China, and analyzes the current situation of international competitive advantage of high-tech industry in China and its standardization process in turn. This paper studies the influence of standardization on the international competitive advantage of China's high-tech industry, and discusses the strategy of using standardization to promote the international competitive advantage of China's high-tech industry. There is no literature on standardization as the influencing factor to study the international competitive advantage of high-tech industry. Based on Porter's Diamond Model, the paper deduces the mechanism of standardization influencing the international competitive advantage of high-tech industry. The international competitive advantage of China's high-tech industry is comprehensively calculated by using entropy weight TOPSIS method. The results show that the comprehensive index of international competitive advantage of China's high-tech industry is spiraling upward, based on the relevant data of China's high-tech industry from 2007 to 2014. The influence of standardization level and technological innovation activity on the change of international competitive advantage of high-tech industry in China is studied by means of generalized grey relational analysis. The results show that there is a strong correlation between standardization level and international competitive advantage of high-tech industry. In particular, the increasing speed of standardization is inextricably linked to the enhancement of the international competitive advantage of high-tech industries; at the same time, The increase of new product development funds and R D funding plays an important role in promoting the international competitive advantage of high-tech industries. The influence of standardization level on the international competitive advantage of various industries is analyzed by using the fixed effect model of variable coefficient. The conclusion shows that the improvement of standardization level or the increase of standard stock in China's high-tech industries can positively promote the international competitive advantage of high-tech industries. In view of the problems existing in the international competitive advantage of China's high-tech industries, we should improve the standard R & D system and speed up the process of standardization. This paper discusses how to improve the standardization level of national standards and how to promote the innovation according to the innovation of industry, university and research.
【学位授予单位】：江苏大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：F276.44

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