污染物排放与产业结构相关性日中比较研究
发布时间：2018-10-22 08:07
【摘要】：“如何改善中国的环境质量?”这个问题对任何国家近几年来越来越重要。由于空气与水污染问题直接关系着人类健康和幸福,这两个问题应该被给予优先治理的地位。中国政府虽然为了改善环境质量,采取了相应的措施,但是为了达到重回碧海蓝天的目标仍需要进一步加强环境治理的力度。在探讨中国如何重获宜人的环境质量的途径时,日本在过去五十年治理环境的努力可以为中国提供十分适合并可靠的经验。在第二次世界大战之后,日本在经济方面取得飞速发展的同时,日本在对抗环境恶化方面被公认做出了巨大的努力,有效地改善了环境质量,使得日本的局面可以生活在宜人的环境当中。日本和中国虽然在政治体制和经济结构方面多有不同,但是日本的经验仍然对中国的污染减排政策有巨大借鉴价值。本研究进行了对日中污染排放与工业结构关系的对比研究,探索控制大气污染物(SO2)排放控制和水污染(COD)控制的有效手段。为了深入分析污染物排放与产业结构之间的关系,本研究使用了“Effekt analysis”的方法。在这个方法里,产业结构被分成三个次级指标:科技创新,部门转型和经济增长。通过“Effekt a nalysis”的方法,我们可以分别找出日本和中国的产业结构和污染物之间的变化关系:在产业结构的三个指标里,哪个是对污染物减排正面影响最显著的,哪个是对污染物减排有负面影响的指标。另外,还可以通过这个方法,分析出日本和中国污染物减排机制的差异。本研究最终得出的结论是,技术创新不管对于日本还是中国都是最有影响,效果最显著的污染减排因素。部门转型目前对中国的污染减排作用还不明显,但经济增长因素对污染减排的负面作用在中国十分明显。既然激发科技创新在中国是最有效的污染物减排的影响要素,经济增长使环境恶化的势头严重,目前中国对于技术创新的投入还是相对不足的。基于这些结果分析,本研究认为在保持利于环境质量改善的部门转型力度的同时,应该编制执行合理的政策,促进更密集和有活力的技术创新工作,推动更大规模鼓励技术创新的环保投资。
[Abstract]:"how to improve China's environmental quality?" The problem has become more important to any country in recent years. As air and water pollution are directly related to human health and happiness, these two problems should be given priority. Although the Chinese government has taken corresponding measures to improve the environmental quality, it still needs to further strengthen environmental governance in order to achieve the goal of returning to the clear sea and blue sky. In exploring the ways in which China can regain its pleasant environmental quality, Japan's efforts to manage the environment over the past 50 years can provide China with a very suitable and reliable experience. After the second World War, while Japan achieved rapid economic development, it is recognized that Japan has made great efforts to combat environmental degradation and has effectively improved the quality of the environment. So that the situation in Japan can live in a pleasant environment. Although Japan and China are different in political system and economic structure, Japan's experience still has great reference value for China's pollution reduction policy. In this study, a comparative study was carried out on the relationship between pollution emissions from Japan and China and industrial structure, and an effective means to control the emission of air pollutants (SO2) and to control water pollution by (COD) was explored. In order to analyze the relationship between pollutant emission and industrial structure, the "Effekt analysis" method is used in this study. In this approach, the industrial structure is divided into three sub-indicators: science and technology innovation, sectoral transformation and economic growth. Using the "Effekt a nalysis" approach, we can find out the relationship between the industrial structure and pollutants in Japan and China: which of the three indicators of industrial structure has the most significant positive impact on pollutant emission reduction? Which is an indicator that has a negative impact on pollutant emission reduction. In addition, this method can also be used to analyze the differences of emission reduction mechanisms between Japan and China. The final conclusion of this study is that technological innovation is the most influential and most effective pollution reduction factor for both Japan and China. The effect of sector transformation on pollution reduction in China is not obvious, but the negative effect of economic growth on pollution reduction is obvious in China. Since stimulating scientific and technological innovation is the most effective pollutant emission reduction factor in China, economic growth makes the momentum of environmental deterioration serious, at present, China's investment in technological innovation is relatively insufficient. Based on the analysis of these results, the present study believes that while maintaining the intensity of sectoral transformation conducive to environmental quality improvement, rational policies should be developed to promote more intensive and dynamic technological innovation, Promote investment in environmental protection to encourage technological innovation on a larger scale.
【学位授予单位】：清华大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：F131.3;F121.3;X22
本文编号：2286593
[Abstract]:"how to improve China's environmental quality?" The problem has become more important to any country in recent years. As air and water pollution are directly related to human health and happiness, these two problems should be given priority. Although the Chinese government has taken corresponding measures to improve the environmental quality, it still needs to further strengthen environmental governance in order to achieve the goal of returning to the clear sea and blue sky. In exploring the ways in which China can regain its pleasant environmental quality, Japan's efforts to manage the environment over the past 50 years can provide China with a very suitable and reliable experience. After the second World War, while Japan achieved rapid economic development, it is recognized that Japan has made great efforts to combat environmental degradation and has effectively improved the quality of the environment. So that the situation in Japan can live in a pleasant environment. Although Japan and China are different in political system and economic structure, Japan's experience still has great reference value for China's pollution reduction policy. In this study, a comparative study was carried out on the relationship between pollution emissions from Japan and China and industrial structure, and an effective means to control the emission of air pollutants (SO2) and to control water pollution by (COD) was explored. In order to analyze the relationship between pollutant emission and industrial structure, the "Effekt analysis" method is used in this study. In this approach, the industrial structure is divided into three sub-indicators: science and technology innovation, sectoral transformation and economic growth. Using the "Effekt a nalysis" approach, we can find out the relationship between the industrial structure and pollutants in Japan and China: which of the three indicators of industrial structure has the most significant positive impact on pollutant emission reduction? Which is an indicator that has a negative impact on pollutant emission reduction. In addition, this method can also be used to analyze the differences of emission reduction mechanisms between Japan and China. The final conclusion of this study is that technological innovation is the most influential and most effective pollution reduction factor for both Japan and China. The effect of sector transformation on pollution reduction in China is not obvious, but the negative effect of economic growth on pollution reduction is obvious in China. Since stimulating scientific and technological innovation is the most effective pollutant emission reduction factor in China, economic growth makes the momentum of environmental deterioration serious, at present, China's investment in technological innovation is relatively insufficient. Based on the analysis of these results, the present study believes that while maintaining the intensity of sectoral transformation conducive to environmental quality improvement, rational policies should be developed to promote more intensive and dynamic technological innovation, Promote investment in environmental protection to encourage technological innovation on a larger scale.
【学位授予单位】：清华大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：F131.3;F121.3;X22
【参考文献】
相关期刊论文 前2条
1 孟伟;舒俭民;张林波;罗上华;杜加强;梁广林;;“十三五”生态文明建设的目标与重点任务[J];中国工程科学;2015年08期
2 金碚;吕铁;邓洲;;中国工业结构转型升级:进展、问题与趋势[J];中国工业经济;2011年02期
，本文编号：2286593
本文链接：https://www.wllwen.com/jingjilunwen/chanyejingjilunwen/2286593.html
