地区异质性视角下中国双向FDI对产业结构升级的影响
发布时间：2018-11-15 13:16
【摘要】：伴随着经济全球一体化的进程,各国经济往来也飞速发展,国际直接投资是国际经济体产业转移的重要途径,无论是作为东道国还是投资国,国际直接投资都会对产业结构调整产生重大影响。近年来,中国的外商直接投资(IFDI)和对外直接投资(OFDI)的规模都增长迅速,而中国又处于经济结构变革的重要转折点,优化产业结构迫在眉睫。进一步了解IFDI和OFDI是如何影响产业结构的,不同地区之间存在的具体差异,有助于IFDI和OFDI正面效应的发挥,对促进产业结构的提升具有重大的现实意义。本文采用理论研究与实证研究相结合的研究方法。首先,对中国的IFDI和OFDI的发展历程和现状进行研究分析,其次,借助现有研究文献构建IFDI与东道国、OFDI和母国的理论传导机制,借以厘清IFDI与东道国、OFDI和母国产业变迁之间的逻辑联系。宏观视角下IFDI通过影响东道国的需求结构和供给结构、产业关联效应、产业竞争优化效应和技术溢出效应促进东道国的产业机构升级,OFDI通过产业转移效应、产业关联效应、产业竞争效应和逆向技术溢出效应促进产业结构升级;微观视角下IFDI企业基于资源寻求型、市场寻求型和效率资产寻求型三种不同动因的IFDI促进东道国的产业机构升级,OFDI企业基于市场寻求型、效率寻求型、战略寻求型和资源寻求型四个不同的动因的OFDI促进母国的产业机构升级。在理论分析的基础上,本文通过修正的钱纳里的"标准结构"模型,以中国28个省、直辖市、自治区2004-2014年的面板数据作为研究对象,分别从整体层面和地区层面两个维度来研究中国外商直接投资和对外直接投资对产业结构升级的影响。结果显示:从全国层面来看,中国IFDI和OFDI都对产业结构升级具有显著地促进作用,二者对比来看,中国IFDI对产业结构升级的促进作用大于OFDI对产业结构升级的作用。从地区层面来看,中国东部地区和中西部地区的IFDI都对产业结构升级具有显著地促进作用,但是东部地区IFDI对东道国产业结构的促进作用远大于中西部地区;中国东部地区OFDI对母国产业结构具有显著地促进作用,但是由于中西部地区的OFDI规模小质量差,对母国产业结构升级没有明显的促进作用。最后,在以上结论的基础上,本文提出要限制企业"走进来",加强企业"走出去",因地制宜且合理引导IFDI和OFDI投向的对策建议。
[Abstract]:With the process of global economic integration, economic exchanges between countries are also developing rapidly. International direct investment (FDI) is an important way of industrial transfer in international economies, whether as a host country or an investment country. International direct investment will have a significant impact on industrial structure adjustment. In recent years, the scale of China's foreign direct investment (IFDI) and foreign direct investment (OFDI) have both increased rapidly, while China is at an important turning point of economic structural change, so it is urgent to optimize the industrial structure. Further understanding how IFDI and OFDI affect the industrial structure, the specific differences between different regions are helpful to play the positive effects of IFDI and OFDI, and have great practical significance to promote the promotion of industrial structure. This article uses the research method which the theory research and the empirical research unifies. Firstly, the development course and present situation of IFDI and OFDI in China are studied and analyzed. Secondly, the theoretical transmission mechanism between IFDI and host country, OFDI and home country is constructed with the help of existing research literature, so as to clarify the relationship between IFDI and host country. The logical relation between OFDI and the change of home industry. From the macro perspective, IFDI promotes the upgrading of the host country's industrial institutions by influencing the demand and supply structure, the industrial relevance effect, the industrial competition optimization effect and the technology spillover effect of the host country, and OFDI promotes the upgrading of the host country's industrial institutions through the industrial transfer effect and the industrial relevance effect. Industrial competition effect and reverse technology spillover effect promote the upgrading of industrial structure; From the micro perspective, the IFDI of IFDI enterprises based on resource seeking, market seeking and efficient asset seeking promotes the upgrading of industrial institutions in host countries, while OFDI enterprises are based on market seeking and efficiency seeking. OFDI with four different motivations, strategic seeking and resource seeking, promotes the upgrading of industrial institutions in home countries. On the basis of theoretical analysis, this paper takes the panel data of 28 provinces, municipalities and autonomous regions in China from 2004 to 2014 as the research object through the modified "standard structure" model of Chennari. The impact of FDI and OFDI on the upgrading of industrial structure is studied from the overall level and the regional level. The results show that both IFDI and OFDI can promote the upgrading of industrial structure at the national level. In contrast, the promotion effect of IFDI in China is greater than that of OFDI in upgrading industrial structure. From the regional level, the IFDI in the eastern and central regions of China has a significant role in promoting the upgrading of industrial structure, but the role of IFDI in the eastern region to promote the industrial structure of the host country is much greater than that in the central and western regions. In eastern China, OFDI has a significant role in promoting the industrial structure of the home country, but because of the small scale and poor quality of OFDI in the central and western regions, it has no obvious promoting effect on the upgrading of the industrial structure of the home country. Finally, on the basis of the above conclusions, this paper puts forward some countermeasures and suggestions to restrict the "entry" of enterprises, to strengthen the "going out" of enterprises, and to guide IFDI and OFDI in a reasonable way according to local conditions.
【学位授予单位】：北京交通大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：F832.6
本文编号：2333412
[Abstract]:With the process of global economic integration, economic exchanges between countries are also developing rapidly. International direct investment (FDI) is an important way of industrial transfer in international economies, whether as a host country or an investment country. International direct investment will have a significant impact on industrial structure adjustment. In recent years, the scale of China's foreign direct investment (IFDI) and foreign direct investment (OFDI) have both increased rapidly, while China is at an important turning point of economic structural change, so it is urgent to optimize the industrial structure. Further understanding how IFDI and OFDI affect the industrial structure, the specific differences between different regions are helpful to play the positive effects of IFDI and OFDI, and have great practical significance to promote the promotion of industrial structure. This article uses the research method which the theory research and the empirical research unifies. Firstly, the development course and present situation of IFDI and OFDI in China are studied and analyzed. Secondly, the theoretical transmission mechanism between IFDI and host country, OFDI and home country is constructed with the help of existing research literature, so as to clarify the relationship between IFDI and host country. The logical relation between OFDI and the change of home industry. From the macro perspective, IFDI promotes the upgrading of the host country's industrial institutions by influencing the demand and supply structure, the industrial relevance effect, the industrial competition optimization effect and the technology spillover effect of the host country, and OFDI promotes the upgrading of the host country's industrial institutions through the industrial transfer effect and the industrial relevance effect. Industrial competition effect and reverse technology spillover effect promote the upgrading of industrial structure; From the micro perspective, the IFDI of IFDI enterprises based on resource seeking, market seeking and efficient asset seeking promotes the upgrading of industrial institutions in host countries, while OFDI enterprises are based on market seeking and efficiency seeking. OFDI with four different motivations, strategic seeking and resource seeking, promotes the upgrading of industrial institutions in home countries. On the basis of theoretical analysis, this paper takes the panel data of 28 provinces, municipalities and autonomous regions in China from 2004 to 2014 as the research object through the modified "standard structure" model of Chennari. The impact of FDI and OFDI on the upgrading of industrial structure is studied from the overall level and the regional level. The results show that both IFDI and OFDI can promote the upgrading of industrial structure at the national level. In contrast, the promotion effect of IFDI in China is greater than that of OFDI in upgrading industrial structure. From the regional level, the IFDI in the eastern and central regions of China has a significant role in promoting the upgrading of industrial structure, but the role of IFDI in the eastern region to promote the industrial structure of the host country is much greater than that in the central and western regions. In eastern China, OFDI has a significant role in promoting the industrial structure of the home country, but because of the small scale and poor quality of OFDI in the central and western regions, it has no obvious promoting effect on the upgrading of the industrial structure of the home country. Finally, on the basis of the above conclusions, this paper puts forward some countermeasures and suggestions to restrict the "entry" of enterprises, to strengthen the "going out" of enterprises, and to guide IFDI and OFDI in a reasonable way according to local conditions.
【学位授予单位】：北京交通大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：F832.6
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