中国内外资高技术产业工薪差距比较研究

发布时间：2018-12-14 06:51

【摘要】：高技术产业作为国民经济的战略性先导产业,其发展对于推动产业结构调整和转变经济增长方式有着重要的意义。高技术产业是技术密集型产业,其特征不仅在于研发密度大于其他产业,更在于高技术工人所占比例远大于其他产业。高技术人才可谓是高技术产业发展的核心所在,是产业高技术的研发、设计、应用和操作者,因而高技术工人的去留对高技术产业发展尤为重要,一般而言,薪酬的相对水平,在本文即以高技术工人的薪酬与低技术工人薪酬的相对比价,也即工薪差距,是决定人才流动的重要因素,所以本文选取的研究视角就是借助高、低技术工人的工薪差距,来反映高技术产业对待不同技术工人的态度。由于在我国,内资和外资企业的薪酬制度差别较大,高技术工人在这两类企业的地位、待遇、形成机制及变化趋势明显不同,所以本文试图通过分析比较内资和外资(以下简称"内外资")高技术产业的高技术工人与低技术工人工薪差距的变化,对我国内外资高技术产业的薪酬问题进行探讨,以此来管窥我国高技术产业的发展问题。本文主要通过F检验、面板数据分析方法,实证分析我国内外资高技术产业工薪差距变化,结果发现:内资高技术产业工薪差距在1998-2008年间呈整体波折上升趋势,而外资高技术产业工薪差距呈先上升后下降趋势,之所以呈现这样的变动,主要是因为受到技术进步和出口贸易的显著正向影响,而资本密度和产值规模等因素对工薪差距的影响其次;同时通过对比内外资研发密度、利润率和发明专利等情况,可以看出,外资高技术产业虽具有先天技术优势,外资高技术企业在我国主要以利用我国廉价劳动力、资源以及政策优势实现其全球产业链中的加工、总装环节,一般并不把中国设为核心技术研究和开发基地,更少向中方转移核心技术,而内资高技术产业作为我国的战略先导产业,其技术研发是其核心的环节,对高技术人才的需求更加强烈,从而对目前高技术企业的薪酬制度及其背后的行业、企业的运行机制提出了相应的调整和改进要求。
[Abstract]:As a strategic leading industry in the national economy, the development of high-tech industry plays an important role in promoting the adjustment of industrial structure and changing the mode of economic growth. High-tech industry is a technology-intensive industry, which is characterized not only in that R & D density is higher than other industries, but also in that the proportion of high-tech workers is much larger than other industries. High-tech personnel can be said to be the core of the development of the high-tech industry, and they are the R & D, design, application and operator of the high-tech industry. Therefore, the retention of high-tech workers is particularly important for the development of the high-tech industry. Generally speaking, the relative level of salary, In this paper, the relative price of the salary of the high-tech worker and the salary of the low-skilled worker, that is, the wage gap, is the important factor that determines the flow of talents, so the research angle chosen in this paper is to use the wage gap of the high-skilled worker and the low-skilled worker. To reflect the high-tech industry's attitude towards different skilled workers. Because in China, the pay system of domestic and foreign-funded enterprises is quite different, the status, treatment, formation mechanism and changing trend of high-tech workers in these two types of enterprises are obviously different. Therefore, this paper attempts to analyze and compare the wage gap between the high-tech workers and the low-skilled workers in the domestic and foreign high-tech industries, and to discuss the salary issues of the domestic and foreign high-tech industries in China. In this way, the development of high-tech industry in China. This paper mainly through F test, panel data analysis method, empirical analysis of domestic and foreign high-tech industry wage gap changes, the results show that: domestic high-tech industry wage gap in 1998-2008 showed an overall trend of ups and downs, However, the wage gap in foreign high-tech industries is rising first and then declining. The reason for this change is mainly due to the significant positive impact of technological progress and export trade. The influence of capital density and output value on wage gap is the second. At the same time, by comparing domestic and foreign R & D density, profit margins and invention patents, we can see that although foreign high-tech industries have innate technological advantages, foreign-funded high-tech enterprises mainly use cheap labor in China. Resources and policy advantages to achieve processing and assembly in its global industrial chain generally do not set China as a core technology research and development base, and less transfer of core technology to China. As the strategic leading industry of our country, the domestic high-tech industry is the core link of its technology research and development, and the demand for high-tech talents is more intense, thus, the salary system of the current high-tech enterprises and the industry behind it. The operation mechanism of the enterprise has put forward the corresponding adjustment and improvement request.
【学位授予单位】：山西大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：F276.44;F272.92

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