产业集群视角下我国高新区竞争力提升路径研究

发布时间：2019-06-13 09:01

【摘要】：随着"硅谷"的成功,世界各国兴起建设高新区的热潮。1988年,我国也加入这一行列,在北京中关村成立首个高新区。经过二十多年的发展,我国国家级高新区数量已在2013年底达到114家。高新区的成功,一方面给地区经济发展带来源源不断的技术、人才等资源,另一方面在促进市场化进程、推动经济转型等关键点上发挥着引领作用。但是,伴随着经济新常态的更高要求,来自外部市场和内部结构不协调的双重挑战逐步制约着我国高新区的进一步发展,使得高新区建设暴露出越来越多的问题。面对目前的发展窘境,研究如何提升高新区竞争力就显得很有必要,本文便基于此目的而展开。高新区作为产业集群的载体,其竞争力通过产业集群的竞争力表现出来,所以本文拟从产业集群视角来研究高新区竞争力提升路径。通过对产业集群和高新区相关理论的梳理,构建了高新区竞争力提升路径的基本研究框架以及综合评价体系。在高新区竞争力提升路径研究方面,从产业集群竞争力的影响因子出发,进一步探究产业集群的优势效应与高新区竞争力间的内在联系。研究发现,产业集群具有网络组织优势、学习创新优势、社会资本优势三大优势,在此基础上通过成本效应、合作互补效应、外部经济效应、技术创新效应四大效应来影响高新区的竞争力。在综合评价方面,根据国内外学者对高新区竞争力评价指标的研究,以及国家科技部2013年颁布的高新区评价指标,本文构建客观合理的综合评价模型,其中,一级指标有四个(分别为技术创新能力、结构优化能力、国际竞争力能力、可持续发展能力),二级指标二十个。实证部分,通过综合分析可知,北京中关村、成都高新区、合肥高新区、上海张江示范区综合发展水平排在前四,准则层中国际竞争力能力所占的权重最大。通过系统聚类分析,发现我国大部分高新区还处于发展弱势地位,发展水平较好的高新区不到全国高新区的1/10,且第一类、第二类和部分第三类的高新区主要聚集于长江经济带、珠三角、京津冀经济圈以及黄河中下游经济较发达城市(黄河呈现"几"字型)。为了提升处于不同发展阶段的高新区竞争力,第五章选取了三个发展情况类似的高新区并做提升路径分析,促进高新区发展的影响因素包括区位选择、人才基础、投资环境、文化氛围、政府支持、国际合作等方面。考虑到发展状况较差的高新区一般会经历一个完整的发展阶段,面对的问题也会比发展较好的高新区面临的问题多,所以本文从完整性角度提出了八点提升途径。
[Abstract]:With the success of Silicon Valley, countries all over the world have sprung up the upsurge of building high-tech zones. In 1988, China joined the ranks and set up the first high-tech zone in Zhongguancun, Beijing. After more than 20 years of development, the number of national high-tech zones in China has reached 114 by the end of 2013. The success of high-tech zone, on the one hand, brings a steady stream of technology, talents and other resources to the regional economic development, on the other hand, it plays a leading role in promoting the process of marketization and promoting economic transformation. However, with the higher requirements of the new normal of economy, the double challenges from the external market and the internal structure gradually restrict the further development of high-tech zones in China, which exposes more and more problems in the construction of high-tech zones. In the face of the current development dilemma, it is necessary to study how to improve the competitiveness of high-tech zones, and this paper is based on this purpose. As the carrier of industrial cluster, the competitiveness of high-tech zone is shown through the competitiveness of industrial cluster, so this paper intends to study the way to enhance the competitiveness of high-tech zone from the perspective of industrial cluster. Through combing the related theories of industrial clusters and high-tech zones, the basic research framework and comprehensive evaluation system of the competitiveness promotion path of high-tech zones are constructed. In the aspect of promoting the competitiveness of high-tech zones, starting from the influencing factors of industrial cluster competitiveness, this paper further explores the internal relationship between the advantage effect of industrial clusters and the competitiveness of high-tech zones. It is found that industrial clusters have three advantages: network organization advantage, learning innovation advantage and social capital advantage. On this basis, the competitiveness of high-tech zone is affected by cost effect, cooperation complementary effect, external economic effect and technological innovation effect. In the aspect of comprehensive evaluation, according to the research of domestic and foreign scholars on the evaluation index of high-tech zone competitiveness and the evaluation index of high-tech zone promulgated by the Ministry of Science and Technology of China in 2013, this paper constructs an objective and reasonable comprehensive evaluation model, among which there are four primary indicators (technological innovation ability, structural optimization ability, international competitiveness ability, sustainable development ability) and 20 secondary indicators. In the empirical part, through the comprehensive analysis, it can be seen that the comprehensive development level of Beijing Zhongguancun, Chengdu High-tech Zone, Hefei High-tech Zone and Shanghai Zhangjiang demonstration Zone is in the top four, and the international competitiveness occupies the largest weight in the standard layer. Through systematic cluster analysis, it is found that most of the high-tech zones in China are still in a weak position of development, and the high-tech zones with good development level are less than 1 / 10 of the national high-tech zones, and the first, second and third types of high-tech zones are mainly concentrated in the Yangtze River Economic Zone, the Pearl River Delta, the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Economic Circle and the economically more developed cities in the middle and lower reaches of the Yellow River. In order to enhance the competitiveness of high-tech zones in different development stages, the fifth chapter selects three high-tech zones with similar development situation and makes promotion path analysis. The influencing factors to promote the development of high-tech zones include location choice, talent base, investment environment, cultural atmosphere, government support, international cooperation and so on. Considering that the high-tech zones with poor development situation will generally go through a complete stage of development and face more problems than the high-tech zones with better development, this paper puts forward eight ways to improve the development of high-tech zones from the perspective of integrity.
【学位授予单位】：上海社会科学院
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：F276.44

【相似文献】