我国大型商业银行信贷流向及其影响研究

发布时间：2018-02-10 06:37

本文关键词： 大型商业银行信贷行业流向信贷区域流向信贷客户流向　出处：《吉林大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：金融对经济的推动作用早已在世界范围内得到了广泛的认识和实践。我国金融结构尚属于银行导向型,商业银行在我国金融体系中发挥着不可替代的作用。作为配置社会资金的重要环节,商业银行的信贷行为与国民经济之间存在着密不可分的相互作用的关系。我国目前正处于经济结构转型的关键时期,相比增加商业银行信贷投放带动经济增长,调整商业银行信贷流向配合经济结构转型显得更为重要。我国大型商业银行信贷资产占所有银行业金融机构信贷资产总额的半数以上,其信贷业务数额和信贷业务范围均处于绝对优势地位。此外,我国大型商业银行具有国有资本控股的产权背景,意味着其更加重大的社会责任和更加广泛的社会影响力。因此,相比其他商业银行,我国大型商业银行信贷流向将对社会经济产生更加显著的影响。以往关于商业银行信贷流向的文献多数以所有商业银行或者所有上市商业银行为研究对象,选取行业、区域或产权某单一角度进行分析。本文选取我国五家大型国有商业银行作为研究对象,分别从行业、区域和贷款对象三个角度分析其信贷流向现状,使得文章的得出的结论更具针对性且更为全面。通过对五大行年报相关数据的分析,作者发现我国大型商业银行信贷资源在行业方面主要流向了支柱性产业和基础性产业,流向战略性新兴产业的信贷资源份额偏小;在区域方面集中流向了经济发达的东部地区,但流向西部地区的信贷近年来增长最为迅速;在贷款对象方面流向个人的信贷份额逐年提升且个人贷款产品种类愈加丰富。接下来作者分别从微观和中观两个层面来探讨我国大型商业银行信贷流向的经济影响和社会影响。微观层面包括对银行自身收益和风险水平的影响、对资金需求者的影响以及对信贷资金微观配置效率的影响;中观层面包括对产业结构调整的影响、对区域经济发展的影响以及对信贷资金中观配置效率的影响。在文章的最后,针对我国大型商业银行信贷流向的现状,作者提出了降低贷款集中度,贷款流向多元化;依据产业政策和区域发展政策调整信贷流向在行业间和区域间的分布;积极推动业务创新,为中小型民营企业提供更多的优质信贷服务等建议,目的是为了充分发挥合理的信贷流向为经济社会带来的积极影响。
[Abstract]:The role of finance in promoting the economy has been widely recognized and practiced all over the world. The financial structure of our country is still bank-oriented. Commercial banks play an irreplaceable role in our financial system. There is a close relationship between the credit behavior of commercial banks and the national economy. It is even more important to adjust the credit flow of commercial banks to cope with the structural transformation of the economy. The credit assets of large commercial banks in China account for more than half of the total credit assets of all banking financial institutions. In addition, the large commercial banks in our country have the property right background of state-owned capital holding, which means that they have more social responsibility and wider social influence. Compared with other commercial banks, the credit flow of large commercial banks in China will have a more significant impact on the social economy. In this paper, five large state-owned commercial banks in China are selected as the research object, respectively from three angles of industry, region and loan object to analyze the current situation of credit flow. Through the analysis of the relevant data of the annual reports of the five big banks, the author finds that the credit resources of the large commercial banks in our country mainly flow to the pillar industry and the basic industry in the industry. The share of credit resources flowing to strategic emerging industries is small, and the regional flow of credit resources is concentrated to the eastern regions with developed economies, but the credit flowing to the western regions has increased most rapidly in recent years. The amount of credit flowing to individuals is increasing year by year and the types of individual loan products are becoming more and more abundant. Then the author discusses the economic influence of the credit flow of large commercial banks in China from the micro and the meso levels respectively. Impact and social impact. Microcosmic aspects include the impact on banks' own income and risk levels, The impact on the fund demanders and the impact on the micro-allocation efficiency of credit funds; the impact on the adjustment of industrial structure, the impact on the development of regional economy and the impact on the efficiency of the mid-scale allocation of credit funds at the end of the article. In view of the current situation of the credit flow of large commercial banks in China, the author proposes to reduce the credit concentration, to diversify the loan flow, to adjust the distribution of credit flow between industries and regions according to the industrial policy and regional development policy. In order to give full play to the positive influence of reasonable credit flow to the economy and society, we should actively promote business innovation and provide more high quality credit services for small and medium-sized private enterprises.
【学位授予单位】：吉林大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：F832.4

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