液压挖掘机工作装置疲劳分析方法研究

发布时间：2018-01-22 20:29

本文关键词： 液压挖掘机工作装置土壤挖掘作业过程疲劳分析　出处：《浙江大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：液压挖掘机是各类工程机械中应用最为广泛的一种,在各类基础设施建设中承担重要角色。工作装置是液压挖掘机完成各项任务的执行装置,也是各种复杂载荷的直接承受者。由于设计制造不合理,加之液压挖掘机的作业条件恶劣,受载情况复杂,所以工作装置在实际应用中经常出现疲劳损坏问题,给企业带来严重的经济损失。故而对液压挖掘机工作装置展开疲劳研究,提高其工作寿命具有重要意义。当前在液压挖掘机工作装置疲劳寿命方面的研究较少,存在挖掘机载荷谱难以实测获取的问题,从而难以对工作装置进行疲劳分析。为此,本课题提出一种新的解决方法,并结合某挖掘机企业的产品实例进行了以下研究工作：首先利用任意拉格朗日欧拉方法在显式动力学软件LS-DYNA中对铲斗挖掘土壤过程进行仿真,获得挖掘阻力载荷谱；接着以挖掘阻力载荷谱作为载荷驱动,在动力学仿真软件ADAMS中进行液压挖掘机的整机作业循环过程仿真,获取工作装置上各铰点载荷谱,并通过进行真实的作业过程试验来获取油缸压力以验证载荷谱的正确性；然后提出一种基于铰点受力最大确定危险工况的策略,以该策略确定的危险工况对传统工况进行补充并在有限元分析软件ANSYS中对工作装置进行了静强度分析；最后以静强度分析和铰点载荷谱作为输入在疲劳分析软件ANSYS FE-SAFE中完成了对工作装置的疲劳寿命计算。本课题提出的挖掘机工作装置疲劳寿命计算流程有效弥补了传统方法的不足,并且对于其他工程机械产品的疲劳分析同样具有参考价值。
[Abstract]:Hydraulic excavator is the most widely used in all kinds of construction machinery, and plays an important role in the construction of various infrastructure. It is also the direct bearing of various complex loads. Because of unreasonable design and manufacture, combined with poor working conditions and complex loading conditions of hydraulic excavators, fatigue damage often occurs in practical applications. It brings serious economic losses to enterprises. So it is of great significance to carry out fatigue research on hydraulic excavator working device and improve its working life. At present, there are few researches on fatigue life of hydraulic excavator working device. There is the problem that the load spectrum of excavator is difficult to be measured, so it is difficult to analyze the fatigue of the working device. Therefore, a new method is put forward to solve the problem. The following research work is carried out with the product example of a excavator enterprise: firstly, the soil excavation process of bucket excavation is simulated by using arbitrary Lagrangian Euler method in explicit dynamic software LS-DYNA. The resistance load spectrum is obtained. Then the load spectrum of excavated resistance is used as the load drive, and the load spectrum of each hinge point on the working device is obtained by simulating the whole operation cycle process of the hydraulic excavator in the dynamic simulation software ADAMS. In order to verify the correctness of the load spectrum, the cylinder pressure is obtained by the real operation process test. Then a strategy is proposed to determine the dangerous working conditions based on the maximum force at the hinge point. The dangerous conditions determined by this strategy are used to supplement the traditional working conditions and the static strength analysis of the working device is carried out in the finite element analysis software ANSYS. Finally, the static strength analysis and hinge load spectrum are used as input to the fatigue analysis software ANSYS. In FE-SAFE, the fatigue life calculation of the working device has been completed. The flow chart of the excavator working device fatigue life calculation has effectively made up for the shortcomings of the traditional method. It also has reference value for fatigue analysis of other construction machinery products.
【学位授予单位】：浙江大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TU621

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