中东铁路站区建筑解读

发布时间：2018-02-01 22:51

  本文关键词： 中东铁路 站区建筑 站舍 水塔 机车库 文化特质　出处：《哈尔滨工业大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：中东铁路是指十九世纪末沙俄政府为了掠夺和侵略中国东北,控制远东地区,而在中国东北修建的铁路及附属建筑。其中中东铁路干线是指从满洲里到绥芬河之间的铁路,支线是指从哈尔滨到大连之间的铁路。沿线的铁路站区建筑是服务于中东铁路的重要建筑类型,值铁路落成时,全线共建104个车站(包括临时的会让站),其中一等站1个,二等站9个,三等站8个。站区建筑在中国近代东北地区已逾百年历史,它虽曾服务于对华殖民统治的外国侵略者,同时它也带来了西方的工业文明,促进了中国东北地区近代城市的崛起。通过全面系统的对中东铁路站区建筑研究,不仅有利于揭示中东铁路附属地建筑特征,还为中东铁路附属地其他建筑类型的研究提供借鉴意义。本课题通过笔者对中东铁路历史资料的详细查阅,以及对中东铁路现存站区的实地调研,梳理了中东铁路站区的历史发展脉络和规划模式,总结分析了站区建筑类型和特征,并对其建筑艺术特色和文化特质进行了深入的探讨和研究。中东铁路站区建筑主要包括:沿线站舍、水塔、机车库以及其他站区构筑物。本文首先提出中东铁路站区建设的几个发展阶段,对各个站区的选址成因及在不同历史时期的功能定位进行详细讨论;其次,在建设站区的过程中,按其作用的大小分成了不同的等级,不同等级站区的规划模式、站区建筑的类型和规模也各有不同。再次,在建筑技术方面,站区建筑也具有独特的结构类型和适应寒地气候的保温技术。最后,中东铁路站区建筑风格多样,杂糅了俄罗斯田园建筑风格、折衷主义建筑风格、新艺术运动建筑风格、俄罗斯近代工业建筑风格、中国传统建筑风格以及现代主义建筑风格。在中东铁路时期,多元异族文化以建筑为载体通过多种方式相继杂糅到中东铁路附属建筑中,形成了特定的历史现象,使其建筑文化品质在当时精彩纷呈,成为中东铁路文化线路的重要组成部分。论文以中东铁路站区及站区建筑为研究对象,分别从站区的选址、规划布局、建筑类型、建筑技术、建筑艺术以及文化特质几个方面进行分析,从而揭示出站区建筑在中东铁路附属建筑中的重要作用,并为日后的保护工作和学术研究提供借鉴。
[Abstract]:The Middle East Railway refers to the end of nineteenth Century the Russian government in order to plunder and aggression in Northeast Chinese, control of the Far East, built in Chinese Northeast Railway and subsidiary buildings. Among them the middle east railway line from Manchuria to Suifenhe is between the railway, from Harbin to Dalian is a branch line railway between. Along the railway station building is an important building type. Service in the Middle East Railway, the value of railway was completed, and 104 stations across the board (including the temporary station, which will allow) a station 1, two station 9, three station 8. Station building for more than one hundred years of history in modern China east north area, although it has served in colonial China the rule of the foreign aggressors, at the same time, it also brought western industrial civilization, promoting the rise of the modern city of northeast Chinese. Through the research on the Middle East Railway Station building of comprehensive system, not only conducive to reveal in the East Road building features subsidiary, also provide a reference for the study of other types of building the Middle East Railway subsidiaries. This topic by the author on the Middle East Railway historical data with inspection and field research on the Middle East Railway Station, the existing middle east railway station, combing the historical development and planning mode, summarizes and analyzes the type and station building and the architectural features, artistic features and cultural characteristics are discussed and studied. The Middle East Railway Station construction mainly includes: along the station house, water tower, garage and other station structures. This paper puts forward several development stages of the Middle East Railway Station building, the location of each station in the origin and function of different the historical period is discussed; secondly, in the process of the construction of the station, according to the size of its function is divided into different levels, different levels of station area planning 妯″紡,绔欏尯寤虹瓚鐨勭被鍨嬪拰瑙勬ā涔熷悇鏈変笉鍚，

本文编号：1483060