基于多目标优化的工程项目成本动态管理研究

发布时间：2018-02-09 12:03

本文关键词： 工程项目成本动态控制多目标优化　出处：《武汉理工大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：建筑业投资规模大,效益辐射广,是我国支柱型产业。但随着竞争的愈加激烈,行业内部利润空间也受到急剧压缩。如何调整管理模式,实现高效而全面的成本管理已成为企业在生存和发展中面临的重要问题。本文通过分析成本管理现状,针对成本管理中出现的目标不明、管理片面、过程被动、缺乏完善的制度等问题,结合成本管理的发展趋势,提出多目标优化下的成本动态管理这一概念。然后,通过对成本动态管理体系特征、构建条件及内部机制的介绍,从责任、目标及动态执行三个方面构建了基于多目标协调的成本动态管理体系。其中,责任体系明确了组织层次、职能分配,将责任成本细化到人,实现了成本的全员控制;目标体系将项目各目标逐层划分,并根据具体情况进行动态优化,是成本管理的基础;而执行体系包括计划、控制和考核三个方面,介绍了动态管理全面实施的各个阶段。紧接着,为了将多目标优化引入传统的动态控制中,本文通过对工期、质量、安全、成本四大目标间的关系分析,以成本为核心,建立了多目标优化模型。利用模型对初始目标进行优化,以优化后的目标为依据,进行计划的编制和调整,从而指导成本的动态控制。最后,本文将多目标优化模型应用于具体案例中,通过介绍多目标优化下的成本动态控制的实施流程及效果,说明基于多目标优化的成本管理具有现实可行性。本文创新点如下:(1)将多目标优化引入成本动态管理中,在传统动态管理的基础上改变了计划的编制思路,并加入了计划的实时调整,使成本控制得以综合考虑其他各因素的影响,实现控制的全面性;(2)在传统的质量-工期-成本模型中加入安全目标,以质量成本、安全成本、成本及工期构成的优化指数作为目标函数,其他关系函数作为约束条件,从而构建了以成本为核心的多目标优化模型,以实现多目标优化在成本控制中的应用。
[Abstract]:Construction industry is a pillar industry of our country because of its large scale of investment and wide benefit. However, with the fierce competition, the profit space within the industry has also been sharply compressed. How to adjust the management mode, The realization of efficient and comprehensive cost management has become an important problem in the survival and development of enterprises. By analyzing the current situation of cost management, this paper aims at the problems of unclear objectives, one-sided management and passive process in cost management. Based on the development trend of cost management, the concept of dynamic cost management under multi-objective optimization is put forward. The cost dynamic management system based on multi-objective coordination is constructed in the three aspects of goal and dynamic execution, in which the responsibility system defines the organization level, the function distribution, the responsibility cost is refined to the person, and the cost control is realized. The goal system is the basis of cost management by dividing the objectives of the project layer by layer and dynamically optimizing according to the specific situation, while the execution system includes three aspects: planning, control and evaluation. Then, in order to introduce multi-objective optimization into the traditional dynamic control, this paper analyzes the relationship among the four goals of time limit, quality, safety and cost, and takes cost as the core. A multi-objective optimization model is established. The initial objective is optimized by using the model. Based on the optimized objectives, the plan is compiled and adjusted to guide the dynamic control of the cost. In this paper, the multi-objective optimization model is applied to a specific case, and the implementation process and effect of cost dynamic control under multi-objective optimization are introduced. It is shown that the cost management based on multi-objective optimization is feasible. The innovation of this paper is as follows: 1) the multi-objective optimization is introduced into the cost dynamic management, and the planning thinking is changed on the basis of the traditional dynamic management. By adding the real-time adjustment of the plan, the cost control can comprehensively consider the influence of other factors, and realize the comprehensive control of the safety target in the traditional quality-time-cost model, so that the quality cost and the safety cost can be added into the traditional quality-time-cost model, so that the quality cost and the safety cost can be taken into account. The optimization index composed of cost and duration is taken as objective function and other relational functions are taken as constraint conditions, so a multi-objective optimization model with cost as the core is constructed to realize the application of multi-objective optimization in cost control.
【学位授予单位】：武汉理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TU723.3

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