安全视角下的儿童游憩空间设计研究

发布时间：2018-02-11 05:55

本文关键词： 儿童游憩空间环境安全性安全设计对策　出处：《东北林业大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：在高速发展的现代社会中,城市居民生活水平大幅提升,在过重的课业压力之下,城市独生子女在生理与心理素质上的发展受到了一定程度的限制,因此儿童需要更多的户外游憩空间来增强体质、愉悦身心。但是由于户外游憩空间的日益商业化、城市公共绿地面积一再缩水,儿童专属的游憩空间少之又少,在与成人共用的活动交叉地带,由于场地布局、绿化环境、空间尺度等设计的不明确,造成儿童人身伤害的问题屡见不鲜,这是值得设计师与城市规划师门深思的,在游憩空间设计中,对于容易产生的儿童人身安全问题应采取一定的有效解决措施,来减少儿童游憩空间中存在的安全隐患。城市户外游憩空间一般包括城市公共绿地、游乐场、专属儿童乐园、城市广场与商业街、街道与居住区、综合性公园等等,其中只有专属的儿童乐园是整体以儿童为服务主体对象而设计建设的,其他空间基本上都是儿童与成人共用的。在这些城市户外游憩空间内,由于游憩空间在设计之初与后期养护管理的缺陷等原因,儿童在其中活动时的人身安全与心理安全无法得到充分的保障。因此本文通过对城市儿童游憩空间,主要指城市风景区综合公园中儿童游憩空间的安全性的调查研究,参考比较国内外在关注儿童游憩空间安全性的研究与发展动态,根据心理安全、行为安全、空间安全三大方面理论支撑,指出现代城市空间中儿童游憩空间的现状及存在设计上的安全性方面的问题,探讨儿童游憩空间的安全对于儿童自身的重要性与意义,分析儿童自身活动特点及对游憩空间的需求,找到对于儿童游憩空间的影响因素,进一步分析儿童游憩空间设计的安全性,根据“wSR”方法论提出多层次模糊综合安全评价体系,并总结安全性评价结果分析,通过儿童公园、兆麟公园的安全性评价及分析,从而得出在儿童游憩空间的环境设计中场地选择、交通设计、空间布局、绿化景观、设施小品以及在管理维护上——儿童游憩空间设计六要素的安全性对策。本文的案例分析是通过对儿童公园、兆麟公园以及哈尔滨市太阳岛公园内儿童游憩空间的实地调查与研究,参考相关文献资料,运用之前所提出的对于儿童游憩空间安全性评价体系对太阳岛公园儿童游憩空间进行安全性评价与结果分析,针对现状中太阳岛公园儿童游憩空间存在的安全隐患,提出在儿童游憩空间安全性设计的各种解决措施及安全对策,为将来在城市空间中,安全的儿童游憩空间的设计做出指导性的建议与意见。最后提出共性(包括个性)的儿童游憩空间安全设计对策。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of modern society, the standard of living of urban residents has been greatly improved. Under the pressure of excessive academic work, the development of the only child in the city has been restricted to a certain extent in terms of physical and psychological quality. Therefore, children need more outdoor recreation space to enhance their physique and to enjoy their body and mind. However, due to the increasing commercialization of outdoor recreation space, the area of urban public green space is shrinking again and again, and there are very few recreational spaces reserved for children. In the intersecting areas of activities shared with adults, due to the unclear design of the site layout, greening environment, spatial scale, and so on, the problem of causing personal injury to children is common. This is worth pondering by designers and city planners. In the design of recreation space, some effective measures should be taken to solve the problem of children's personal safety, so as to reduce the hidden dangers in children's recreation space. Urban outdoor recreation space generally includes urban public green space. Playgrounds, exclusive children's parks, city squares and commercial streets, streets and residential areas, comprehensive parks, etc. Only exclusive children's parks are designed and built with children as the main object of service. The rest of the space is basically shared by children and adults. In these urban outdoor recreation spaces, due to deficiencies in the management of recreational spaces in the early and late stages of design, The physical and psychological safety of children can not be fully guaranteed. Therefore, this paper mainly refers to the safety of children's recreation space in the comprehensive park of urban scenic spot through the investigation and research of the children's recreation space in the city. Referring to and comparing the research and development trends of children's recreation space security at home and abroad, according to the psychological safety, behavior safety, space security three aspects of theoretical support, This paper points out the present situation of children's recreation space in modern urban space and the safety problems in design, and probes into the importance and significance of the safety of children's recreation space for children themselves. This paper analyzes the characteristics of children's activities and the demand for recreation space, finds out the influencing factors for children's recreation space, further analyzes the safety of children's recreation space design, and puts forward a multi-level fuzzy comprehensive safety evaluation system according to the methodology of "wSR". Through the safety evaluation and analysis of children's park and Zhaolin park, the site selection, traffic design, space layout, greening landscape in the environment design of children's recreation space are obtained. Facility sketches and safety countermeasures for six elements of children's recreation space design in management and maintenance. The case study of this paper is based on the analysis of the children's park. Field investigation and research on children's recreation space in Zhaolin Park and Sun Island Park, Harbin, with reference to relevant literature, The safety evaluation and result analysis of the children's recreation space in Sun Island Park are carried out by using the safety evaluation system of the children's recreation space put forward before, aiming at the hidden dangers of the children's recreation space in the Sun Island Park. This paper puts forward various solutions and safety countermeasures for the safety design of children's recreation space for the future in urban space. Finally, the author puts forward some suggestions and suggestions on the design of safe children's recreation space. Finally, the author puts forward some countermeasures for the safety design of children's recreation space with commonality (including individuality).
【学位授予单位】：东北林业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TU984.18

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