基于遗传算法的供水系统的节能研究

发布时间：2018-03-16 18:28

本文选题：遗传算法　切入点：供水系统　出处：《长沙理工大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：城市供水系统是十分重要的城市基础设施,同时也消耗着巨大的能量,具有很高的节能潜力。由于供水系统的复杂性,涉及面广等原因,目前我国的城市供水系统存在很多问题,供水优化调度、管网的规划涉及等方面都存在不合理的现象,从而造成了能源的利用率低,造成浪费同时也加重了供水企业的成本。本文城市供水系统节能研究主要由城市用水量预测、供水管网宏观模型的建立以及供水系统优化调度三方面组成。城市供水系统的优化调度是建立在准确的城市用水量预测之上,同时也是构建管网宏观模型的重要参数,用水量预测的准确性直接关系到整个城市供水系统的可靠性和准确度。在对城市用水量预测中本文当中引入了模型群的概念,将用水量预测模型进行分类,然后通过回归分析法对长沙市的用水量进行预测。供水管网模型是城市供水系统优化调度的水力约束条件,与供水管网优化调度存在密切的联系,供水管网宏观模型建立的准确性对优化调度的可靠性和稳定性产生重要的影响。建立基于BP供水管网宏观模型对长沙市的管网动态进行建模研究,准确的了解长沙市供水管网的变化情况,为供水系统优化调度提供准确的数据决策。基于遗传算法的供水系统二级优化调度模型。遗传算法运用在包含连续变量和离散变量,约束条件包含等式和不等式约束的模型当中,相比较传统的线性规划法、动态规划法等具有计算效率高,精度高等优点。并且采用遗传算法在搜索方式方面随机性比较强,经过实践遗传算法在供水系统优化调度当中有较强的适用性,所求得的全局最优解更趋近最优解。一级优化调度模型在满足供水系统当中用户的用水量以及用水压力的前提下,以总电耗最小为目标函数;二级优化调度模型在一级调度模型基础上对泵站或者水厂的水泵进行优化组合,以轴功率最小为目标函数建立数学模型。通过对长沙市供水系统的优化计算,总节能率达到了8%左右,具有很强的适用性。
[Abstract]:Urban water supply system is a very important urban infrastructure, and it also consumes huge energy and has high energy saving potential. Because of the complexity of water supply system, it involves a wide range of reasons. At present, there are many problems in the urban water supply system of our country, such as optimal dispatch of water supply, pipe network planning and so on, which result in the low utilization rate of energy. At the same time, the cost of water supply enterprises is also increased. In this paper, the energy saving research of urban water supply system is mainly based on the prediction of urban water consumption. The establishment of macroscopic model of water supply network and the optimal dispatching of water supply system are made up of three aspects. The optimal dispatch of urban water supply system is based on the accurate prediction of urban water consumption, and is also an important parameter for constructing the macroscopic model of water supply network. The accuracy of water consumption prediction is directly related to the reliability and accuracy of the whole urban water supply system. In this paper, the concept of model group is introduced in the prediction of urban water consumption, and the water consumption forecasting model is classified. The water supply network model is the hydraulic constraint condition for the optimal operation of the urban water supply system, which is closely related to the optimal regulation of the water supply network. The accuracy of establishing macroscopic model of water supply network has an important influence on the reliability and stability of optimal dispatching. In order to provide accurate data decision for the optimal operation of water supply system, a two-level optimal dispatching model of water supply system based on genetic algorithm is proposed. Genetic algorithm is used to include continuous and discrete variables. Among the models with equality and inequality constraints, compared with the traditional linear programming and dynamic programming methods, the constraints have the advantages of high computational efficiency and high precision. The practical genetic algorithm has a strong applicability in the optimal operation of the water supply system, and the global optimal solution is closer to the optimal solution. The first-order optimal scheduling model satisfies the water consumption and pressure of the users in the water supply system. Taking the minimum total power consumption as the objective function, the two-stage optimal dispatching model optimizes the pump of pump station or water plant on the basis of first-order dispatching model. Taking the minimum axial power as the objective function, the mathematical model is established. Through the optimization calculation of Changsha water supply system, the total energy saving rate is about 8%, which has strong applicability.
【学位授予单位】：长沙理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TU991

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