景观水体中微量元素分布特征及对水环境质量的影响研究

发布时间：2018-05-13 16:39

本文选题：景观水体 + 微量元素　；参考：《西安建筑科技大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：随着我国城市化进程的不断推进,城市范围内水资源短缺和水污染程度呈日益加剧的趋势,城市景观水体水质恶化,尤其是藻类爆发导致的水体富营养化现象,使得城市居民的生存环境质量不断下滑。对于富营养化的控制,以往的研究主要集中在氮磷物质对藻类的增长繁殖的作用规律,而水中其他营养物质,特别是微量元素的直接和间接作用的研究比较少。本研究在“十二五”国家重大水专项专题“城市水体中氮磷及微量元素对水环境质量的影响研究”的支持下,以上海市滴水湖、西安市汉城湖以及昆明市翠湖三个不同地域城市的代表性景观水体为研究对象,开展水体中微量元素Fe、Mn、Zn、Cu、Mo的来源解析和收支平衡分析;研究微量元素的时空分布和季节性变化规律;以叶绿素a作为水体富营养化的代表指标,研究水体中微量元素与水体富营养化之间的相关性关系。研究结果表明:(1)城市景观水体中微量元素的来源主要包括补水水源、干湿沉降和雨水径流,其中补水水源是微量元素输入的最主要途径,水体中微量元素的浓度变化主要是受到水体补水水源变化的影响。(2)景观水体和沉积物中微量元素的分布存在明显的差异性,主要体现为:在三个代表水体之间,水体中微量元素的浓度相差很大,但沉积物中微量元素的含量差距并不大。(3)Fe、Mn、Zn是城市景观水体中存量较高的微量元素,且随季节变化规律明显,夏秋季节水体中的浓度明显高于冬春季节;Cu和Mo是景观水体中存量较低的微量元素,且没有明显的季节变化规律。(4)微量元素与叶绿素a的相关性主要取决于叶绿素a的浓度范围,在低浓度条件下,微量元素尤其是Fe、Mn、Zn与叶绿素a具有较好的相关性;在高浓度条件下,只有Fe与叶绿素a保持了良好的相关性,这一现象表明,微量元素对藻类生长的促进作用主要发生在水中富营养化水平较低或者未发生富营养化阶段。
[Abstract]:With the development of urbanization in China, the shortage of water resources and the degree of water pollution in urban areas are becoming more and more serious. The water quality of urban landscape water is deteriorating, especially the eutrophication of water caused by algae explosion. So that the quality of urban residents living environment continues to decline. For the control of eutrophication, the previous studies mainly focused on the effect of nitrogen and phosphorus on algae growth and reproduction, but less on the direct and indirect effects of other nutrients, especially trace elements in water. This study was supported by the "12th Five-Year Plan" national major water special topic, "study on the effects of nitrogen, phosphorus and trace elements in urban water bodies on water environmental quality", and the Dishui Lake in Shanghai. The source analysis and budget balance analysis of the trace element Feimanznznzhuomo Mo in Xi'an Hancheng Lake and Kunming Cuhu Lake were carried out as the objects of study on the representative landscape water bodies of three different regional cities in Xi'an City and Kunming City. The temporal and spatial distribution and seasonal variation of trace elements were studied, and the correlation between trace elements and eutrophication was studied with chlorophyll a as the representative index of eutrophication. The results show that the source of trace elements in urban landscape water body mainly includes water source, dry and wet sedimentation and Rain Water runoff, among which the water source of supplementary water is the most important way to input trace elements. The concentration change of trace elements in water body is mainly influenced by the change of water source. (2) the distribution of trace elements in landscape water body and sediment is obviously different. The concentration of trace elements in water is very different, but the difference of trace elements in sediment is not big. The concentrations of Cu and Mo in water in summer and autumn were significantly higher than those in winter and spring. The correlation between trace elements and chlorophyll a is mainly determined by the concentration range of chlorophyll a. Under the condition of low concentration, there is a good correlation between trace elements, especially Feimanzn Zn, and chlorophyll a. Under the condition of high concentration, only Fe has a good correlation with chlorophyll a, which indicates that the promoting effect of trace elements on algae growth mainly occurs at the stage of low eutrophication level or no eutrophication in water.
【学位授予单位】：西安建筑科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TU99;X52

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