婚姻状况对老年人健康的影响研究

发布时间：2018-01-03 02:42

本文关键词：婚姻状况对老年人健康的影响研究　出处：《浙江大学》2016年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：根据全国老龄办公布的数据显示,2020年我国60岁及以上老年人口将达到2.48亿,进入深度老龄社会,老年群体的婚姻和健康状况也受到学界的日益关注。当前,老年人整体婚姻状况呈现在婚比例高、丧偶比例下降但数量迅速增长的特点,在性别、年龄、地区、民族等方面存在差异,婚姻对老年人的生活方式、健康状况等方面产生显著影响。同时,老年人口健康水平稳步提高但分化现象日益严重,表现为年龄越大健康状况越差、男性健康状况好于女性、城镇老人健康状况好于农村、东部地区老年人健康状况好于西部、有偶老人健康状况好于丧偶老人。本文对老年人婚姻现状、健康界定及衡量指标、老年人身体和心理健康的相关研究进行文献回顾,梳理了婚姻影响老年人健康的相关理论,在婚姻保护作用假说、婚姻资源模型、婚姻危机模型、婚姻选择模型的基础上建立理论分析框架,即婚姻对老年人的健康状况具有保护作用,同时,老年人的健康还受到社会经济因素、健康行为、社会支持的影响,基此提出三个假说：一,婚姻对健康的保护作用在我国低中龄老年人口中仍然存在；二,婚姻质量对老年人口的健康有显著影响；三,婚姻对老年人口健康的保护作用还受到社会经济因素、健康行为、社会支持的影响。本文利用中国老年健康影响因素跟踪调查(CLHLS)2008-2011年纵向数据,以婚姻状态及变动、婚姻质量作为婚姻指标,以生活自理能力、认知功能作为健康指标,在描述性统计分析的基础上,建立二元logistic回归模型验证婚姻对老年人健康的保护作用理论。通过研究,得到3点结论：第一,婚姻状态对老年人健康具有保护作用。这一作用在高龄组非常显著,在低中龄组虽有影响但不显著；婚姻对老年人健康的影响存在差异,婚姻状态对老年人身体健康的影响更显著,婚姻变动对心理健康的影响更显著。第二,婚姻质量较好的老年人,认知功能相对较好,无论是低中龄老人还是高龄老人,统计检验不具显著性。第三,除了婚姻状况因素外,社会经济因素、健康行为、社会支持也在一定程度上影响了老年人口的健康水平,整体表现为老年人口的受教育程度越高、经济上越独立、日常锻炼、多与家人沟通交流,健康状况相对更好。对此,提出如下建议：第一,关注老年人婚姻状态及变化,营造良好的社会环境。第二,完善法律法规和管理,保障老年人再婚的合法权益。第三,关注老年人婚姻质量,提升晚年生活幸福度。第四,重视婚姻对老年健康的保护作用,积极推动健康老龄化。
[Abstract]:According to the national office on aging released data show that in 2020 China's elderly population aged 60 and above will reach 248 million, into the depth of the aging society, the elderly marriage and health has attracted more and more attention in academic circles. At present, the overall marital status of the aged in a high proportion of married widowed, but decreased the proportion of the rapid growth of the number of characteristics. In gender, age, region, ethnic differences and other aspects, the marriage life of the elderly, have a significant impact on health status. At the same time, the health of the elderly population has been steadily improved but the differentiation phenomenon seriously, as the older poorerhealthstatus, male health in women, health status good urban elderly in rural areas, the elderly health status of the eastern region better than the west, there are even better than the health status of elderly widowed elderly. The elderly on marriage status, health definition and measure, Review the related research on physical and mental health of the elderly, combing the marriage theories affects the health of the elderly, in the marriage protection hypothesis, marriage marriage crisis model, resource model, based on the model of marriage established theoretical analysis framework, namely the marriage on the health status of the elderly has a protective effect, at the same time. The health of the elderly is also affected by social and economic factors, health behavior, the influence of social support, based on this proposed three hypotheses: first, marriage has protective effects on health in China in the low age of the elderly population still exist; two, marriage quality has a significant impact on the health of the elderly population; three, the protective effect on marriage the health of the elderly population is affected by social economic factors, health behavior, the influence of social support. China elderly health factors tracked using longitudinal data (CLHLS) 2008-2011, in marriage Marriage status and changes in marital quality as marriage index to self-care ability, cognitive function as a health index, based on the descriptive statistical analysis, the establishment of two yuan in the logistic regression model to verify the protective effect of marriage on the health of the elderly. Through theoretical research, 3 conclusions are drawn: first, marital status has a protective effect on the elderly human health. This effect is very significant in the older group in low age groups have no significant influence; marriage have different effects on the health of the elderly, marital status had more significant effect on the health of the elderly, marriage changes impact on the mental health of the elderly is significant. Second, good quality of marriage the cognitive function, relatively good, whether it is low in old or elderly, is not statistically significant. Third, in addition to marital status factors, socioeconomic factors, health behavior, social support To have some influences on the health level of the elderly population, the overall performance of the education level of the elderly population increasing, economy more and more independent, daily exercise, and family communication, health situation is relatively better. In this regard, we put forward the following suggestions: first, pay attention to the old marriage state and change, to create a good second. The social environment, improve laws and regulations and management, safeguard the legitimate rights and interests of the elderly remarriage. Third, care for the elderly and marriage quality, enhance the life of happiness. Fourth, pay attention to marriage on the protective effect of elderly health, actively promote healthy aging.

【学位授予单位】：浙江大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：C913.13;C913.6

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