我国玉米国际竞争力研究

发布时间：2018-01-15 17:16

本文关键词：我国玉米国际竞争力研究　出处：《北京工商大学》2016年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：自远古印第安人把野生大刍草栽培成玉米之后,千百年来,玉米成为万千大众们世代相传的粮食作物。本世纪初,全球的玉米年产量已然超越小麦、水稻,位居三大农作物之首。并且在此之后以平均每年以2.7%的速度高速增长,2014年更达到创历史的9.791亿吨,稳居农作物榜首。作为传统的玉米生产大国之一,玉米种植在我国具有非常悠久的历史,最早可追溯至唐朝,千百年来,玉米在我国粮食生产中也一直有着举足轻重的地位。但是,自2001年我国加入WTO之后,随着我国不断扩大本国农产品市场对外开放程度,我国玉米也面临着激烈的国际玉米市场冲击,2014年我国玉米出口量仅为2.05万吨,出口金额也仅为769万美元,与美国等世界发达的玉米种植国相比差距显著。如何扭转现阶段我国玉米缺乏国际竞争力这一现状,满足国内市场需求的同时扩大国际市场,保障玉米种植户的经济效益,增加农民的收入,是我们必须面对的现实问题。本文首先根据国际竞争力、农产品国际竞争力的相关理论,试图对玉米国际竞争力做出较为的合理定义,并在此基础上采用定量分析法从种植现状与出口现状两个维度对世界玉米现状进行概述,并从中选取了具有代表性的国家纳入到我国玉米国际竞争力评价指标体系中,通过整理2004-2014联合国商品贸易统计数据库中相关数据,选取了竞争业绩、竞争实力两个方面共九个指标进行国际比较分析,明确现阶段我国玉米在国际市场上的优劣势所在,之后,通过总结之前学者们的研究,把影响我国玉米竞争力的因素囊括为价格因素、非价格因素、生态环境因素、政府因素四方面。并运用实证分析法对我国玉米国际竞争力的影响因素进行了分析,明确不同因素对我国玉米国际竞争力所产生的具体影响,最后,笔者认为,提升我国玉米国际竞争力应该从以下几方面着手:一是要加大政府的宏观调控力度;二是要充分发挥玉米行业协会的组织与协调作用;三是要充分发挥玉米企业的市场主体作用。
[Abstract]:Since the ancient Indians cultivated wild ruminant grass into corn, corn has become a food crop for thousands of generations. At the beginning of this century, the annual output of corn has surpassed that of wheat and rice. The top three crops. Since then, it has grown at an average annual rate of 2.7% tons, reaching an all-time high of 979.1 million tons in 2014. As one of the traditional corn production countries, maize planting in China has a very long history, the earliest can be traced back to the Tang Dynasty, thousands of years. Corn has always played an important role in China's grain production. However, since China joined WTO in 2001, with the continuous expansion of the degree of opening up of our agricultural products market. In 2014, China's corn export volume was only 20,500 tons, and the export amount was only 7.69 million US dollars. Compared with the developed corn planting countries such as the United States, there is a significant gap. How to reverse the current situation of lack of international competitiveness of maize in China, to meet the domestic market demand and expand the international market at the same time. To protect the economic benefits of corn farmers and increase the income of farmers is a real problem we must face. Firstly, according to the international competitiveness, the relevant theory of international competitiveness of agricultural products. This paper attempts to make a more reasonable definition of the international competitiveness of maize, and on the basis of this, adopts the quantitative analysis method to summarize the current situation of maize in the world from the two dimensions of planting status and export status. And selected representative countries into our corn international competitiveness evaluation index system, through collating the 2004-2014 United Nations Commodity Trade Statistics Database related data. Selected the competitive performance, competitive strength of two aspects of a total of nine indicators for international comparative analysis, to determine the current situation of China's maize in the international market strengths and weaknesses, after a summary of previous scholars' research. The factors that affect the competitiveness of maize in China include price factor, non-price factor and ecological environment factor. Four aspects of government factors, and the use of empirical analysis of China's corn international competitiveness factors were analyzed, to determine the specific impact of different factors on China's corn international competitiveness, finally, the author thinks. To improve the international competitiveness of maize in China, we should start from the following aspects: first, we should increase the macro-control efforts of the government; Second, it is necessary to give full play to the role of organization and coordination of corn industry associations; Third, to give full play to the market role of corn enterprises.
【学位授予单位】：北京工商大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：F323.7;F752.62

【参考文献】