大连港口船舶排放清单研究

发布时间：2018-01-19 22:00

本文关键词： 港口船舶排放清单自下而上排放因子 AIS 水运周转量　出处：《大连海事大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：大连港口海运业务繁忙,进出港口的船舶数量众多。海运业务为城市带来经济效益的同时,也为当地的空气带来了污染物质和温室气体。为了保障人们生活的大气环境,急需国内对船舶排放做更加深入的研究,同时应该向发达国家学习海运排放的治理办法。只有了解了船舶的排放数量和特征,才能提供更加科学的决策依据和有效的治理措施。本文测算了大连港口船舶NOx、CO、HC、CO2、SO2和PM的排放量,分别为8527t、721t、331t、822651t、9122t和1165t。通过对排放清单结果的分析,得到了船舶排放量的分配特征。本文选择"自下而上"的办法,通过研究船舶活动过程来确定排放清单,进而得到大连港口船舶排放排放量和排放特征。对所选区域建立了计算模型,并按照船舶活动过程划分为巡航、减速、机动操作和停泊四个阶段,各阶段的距离长度和船舶活动时间通过AIS(Automatic Identification System)统计获取。对计算模型参数中的主机标定功率和船舶的设计航速进行了本地化的研究,主要拟合了选取样本中主机标定功率和船舶设计航速分别与船舶总吨的关系。计算模型参数中的排放因子也是选取了本地化的基于台架试验的研究数值,船舶主机和副机在不同运行工况下排放因子以变化的数值输入到计算模型当中的。本文对副机标定功率的选取是来源于其它文献的研究,主要通过副机与主机的比值计算。锅炉标定功率的选取来源于美国洛杉矶港口编制船舶排放清单时的数据。本文结合AIS系统的统计数据,总结了船舶的活动过程,基于"自下而上"的方法,建立了大连港口船舶排放的计算模型,并结合海事部门对大连港口一年进出港船舶数量的统计,测算了大连港口的船舶排放清单。对清单研究结果进行了特征分析。基于水运周转量,测算及预测了大连水运气体排放量。
[Abstract]:Dalian port shipping business is busy, the number of ships in and out of the port is numerous. Shipping business brings economic benefits to the city at the same time. It also brings pollution and greenhouse gases to the local air. In order to protect the atmospheric environment of people living, it is urgent to do more in-depth research on the emission of ships in China. At the same time, the developed countries should learn from the management of marine emissions. Only understand the quantity and characteristics of the ship's emissions. In order to provide more scientific decision basis and effective control measures, this paper calculates the emission of so _ 2 and PM of no _ x CO _ (2) CO _ (2) CO _ (2) CO _ (2) CO _ (2) and PM (8527 t), respectively. 721t ~ 331t ~ (331t) ~ 822651t ~ 9122 t and 1165 t ~ (-1). The results of emission inventory were analyzed. In this paper, we choose the bottom-up approach to determine the emission inventory by studying the process of ship activity. Then the emission and emission characteristics of Dalian port ship are obtained. A calculation model is established for the selected area, which is divided into four stages: cruise, deceleration, motorized operation and berthing according to the process of ship activity. Distance length of each stage and time of ship's movement through AIS(Automatic Identification system). The calibration power of the main engine and the design speed of the ship are studied in this paper. The relationship between the calibrated power of the main engine and the ship design speed and the total tonnage of the ship in the selected sample is mainly fitted. The emission factors in the calculation model parameters are also selected to localize the research values based on the bench test. The emission factors of the main engine and the auxiliary engine under different operating conditions are input into the calculation model by varying numerical values. In this paper, the selection of the auxiliary calibration power is derived from other literature research. The selection of boiler calibration power comes from the data of the port of Los Angeles in the United States when compiling the ship emission inventory. This paper combines the statistical data of AIS system. Based on the bottom-up method, the ship emission calculation model of Dalian port is established, and the statistics of the number of ships entering and leaving Dalian port every year are given by the maritime department. The ship emission inventory of Dalian port is calculated and the characteristics of the inventory research results are analyzed. Based on the water transportation turnover the discharge of Dalian water transportation gas is calculated and forecasted.
【学位授予单位】：大连海事大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：X736

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