政府主导型“造血式”流域生态补偿模式及政策研究

发布时间：2018-01-23 19:01

本文关键词： 政府主导造血式流域生态补偿模式政策汾河　出处：《山西师范大学》2016年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：粗放式的经济发展方式在为我国带来经济效益的同时也带来了严重的水体污染,流域上下游间的矛盾日趋尖锐,全国范围内流域环境的恶化凸显出流域生态补偿的重要性。流域生态补偿对于消除负外部性、实现流域上下游公平及构建和谐社会意义重大,是协调流域上下游间利益冲突的关键,近年来成为国内外研究的热点问题,取得了一些研究成果,但是,我国对作为流域生态补偿机制重要组成部分的补偿模式的相关研究较少,我国流域生态补偿尚处于低水平的“输血式”补偿模式,对政府主导型“造血式”流域生态补偿模式的研究几乎是空白,而政府主导型“造血式”流域生态补偿才能实现补偿、发展的双赢和流域生态补偿效果的长效性。基于国内外对流域生态补偿的已有研究和我国水环境现状,本文对政府主导型“造血式”流域生态补偿进行了相关研究,提出政府主导型“造血式”流域生态补偿是适合我国现状且能实现长效补偿的模式,将政府主导型“造血式”流域生态补偿分为BOT模式、生态经济模式、补偿贸易模式、租赁模式和特许经营模式五种模式,选取上游法律机制完善程度、政策支持强度、上游配套条件、下游补偿者资金条件、投资利润的回收程度、上游劳动力水平、产品销售条件、上游气候资源等自然禀赋条件及环保要求程度九大因素作为影响模式选择的变量,采用问卷调查、访谈及Logistic回归等研究方法确定了各模式的影响因素及具体适用条件,在此基础上提出了政府主导型“造血式”流域生态补偿的政策建议。最后,以汾河流域为实施对象,分析了汾河流域生态补偿模式现状及存在的问题,探讨了政府主导型“造血式”流域生态补偿模式在汾河流域不同地区的具体选择。本文的创新之处在于:本文选取了流域生态补偿机制中的重要一环----补偿模式对其进行专门研究,将政府主导补偿模式和造血式补偿模式进行有机结合提出政府主导型“造血式”流域生态补偿模式的概念,并利用SPSS21.0统计软件对调查数据进行Logistic回归分析,分别得出政府主导型“造血式”流域生态补偿各模式选择的影响因素和具体适用条件,从而为政府主导型“造血式”流域生态补偿的理论构建及实践提供帮助。
[Abstract]:Extensive economic development has brought economic benefits to our country, but also brought serious water pollution, the contradiction between the upper and lower reaches of the river basin is becoming more and more acute. The deterioration of watershed environment in the whole country highlights the importance of watershed ecological compensation. Watershed ecological compensation is of great significance for eliminating negative externalities, realizing upstream and downstream equity and building a harmonious society. It is the key to coordinate the conflicts of interest between upstream and downstream of river basins. In recent years, it has become a hot issue at home and abroad, and some research results have been obtained, however. As an important part of the watershed ecological compensation mechanism, there is little research on the compensation model in China, and the "transfusion" compensation model is still in a low level in China. The study on the government-led "hematopoietic" watershed ecological compensation model is almost blank, while the government-led "hematopoietic" watershed ecological compensation can be realized. Win-win development and long-term effect of watershed ecological compensation. Based on the existing research on watershed ecological compensation at home and abroad and the current situation of water environment in China. This paper has carried on the correlation research to the government-led "hematopoietic type" watershed ecological compensation, proposed that the government-led "hematopoietic type" watershed ecological compensation is suitable for our country present situation and can realize the long-term effect compensation model. The government-led "hematopoietic" watershed ecological compensation can be divided into five models: BOT model, ecological economy model, compensation trade model, lease mode and franchise mode, and the degree of perfection of upstream legal mechanism is selected. Policy support intensity, upstream supporting conditions, downstream compensator funds, investment profit recovery, upstream labor level, product sales conditions. Nine factors, such as natural endowment conditions such as upstream climate resources and environmental protection requirements, were used as variables to influence the choice of models. The research methods such as interview and Logistic regression determine the influencing factors and specific applicable conditions of each model, and then put forward the policy recommendations of government-led "hematopoietic" watershed ecological compensation. Taking the Fenhe River Basin as the implementing object, the present situation and existing problems of the ecological compensation model in the Fenhe River Basin are analyzed. This paper discusses the specific selection of government-led "hematopoietic" watershed ecological compensation model in different areas of Fenhe River Basin. The innovation of this paper lies in:. In this paper, an important link in the watershed ecological compensation mechanism, the compensation model, is specially studied. The concept of government-oriented "hematopoietic" watershed ecological compensation model is put forward by combining the government-led compensation model with the hematopoietic compensation model. The Logistic regression analysis of the survey data was carried out by using the SPSS21.0 statistical software. The influencing factors and specific applicable conditions of the selection of each model of the government-led "hematopoietic" watershed ecological compensation are obtained respectively, thus providing help for the theoretical construction and practice of the government-led "hematopoietic" basin ecological compensation.
【学位授予单位】：山西师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：X321;X52

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