中国普惠金融的发展水平及其测度研究

发布时间：2018-01-27 04:20

  本文关键词： 普惠金融 金融排斥 因子分析 区域比较　出处：《郑州大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：中国已经成为世界第二大经济体,但同时,一个无法回避的事实是,中国也存在着严重的金融失衡现象,主要表现为大中型企业和富裕人群获得了最好的,甚至是过剩的金融服务,而小微企业、贫困和弱势群体的金融服务则严重缺失。金融资源过剩和金融资源缺失同时存在,导致了严重的结构性失衡,继续如此发展下去,将对我国的经济发展产生严重的负面影响。普惠金融是指能有效、全方位地为社会所有阶层和群体提供服务的金融体系,通俗地说就是让所有老百姓享受更多的金融服务,更好地支持经济发展。由此可见,普惠金融的核心就是公平性,强调向社会全体提供金融服务,重点包括小微企业、农户及其他弱势群体。普惠金融已经成为一项国际共识,中国的普惠金融发展方兴未艾,因此,普惠金融对我国经济增长具有重大意义,不仅可以满足低层次消费群体的金融需求,还将有助于金融体系的完善。在此背景下,研究普惠金融对我国普惠金融的发展具有深刻的意义。本文首先简要介绍了普惠金融的理论基础,阐述了普惠金融及与其相对的概念金融排斥,并对国内外有关普惠金融的研究作出了较为详尽的阐述。其次介绍了我国普惠金融的发展现状,主要从普惠金融的广度、深度、基础设施建设三个角度对普惠金融的发展现状进行描述性统计分析;在此基础上,从可获得性、使用情况和技术支持三个维度构建了衡量普惠金融发展水平的指标体系,采用因子分析法计算出普惠金融综合指数,根据相关数据测算出我国31个省市2015年的普惠金融的发展水平并排名,结果显示我国当前的普惠金融发展水平普遍较低,并进一步通过聚类分析方法对普惠金融的省域差异进行比较分析,结果表明我国普惠金融的区域差异较为明显,东部地区省份的普惠金融发展程度较高,而广大中西部地区的普惠金融水平普遍较低,主要是受到经济发展水平、城镇化水平和人口地理因素的影响。最后,结合我国普惠金融的发展现状和实证研究的结果,需要从培育发展需求主体、完善和激励供给主体,优化外部环境以及完善相关政策支持四个层面同时出发,推进我国普惠金融的全面、持续发展。
[Abstract]:China has become the world's second-largest economy, but at the same time, it is inevitable that there are serious financial imbalances in China, mainly for large and medium-sized enterprises and rich people to get the best. Even surplus financial services, while small and micro enterprises, poor and vulnerable groups of financial services are seriously missing. Financial resources surplus and lack of financial resources exist at the same time, leading to a serious structural imbalance. Continued development in this way will have a serious negative impact on the economic development of our country. Inclusive finance refers to the financial system which can effectively and comprehensively provide services to all social strata and groups. Generally speaking, it is to let all people enjoy more financial services and better support economic development. Thus, the core of inclusive finance is equity, emphasizing the provision of financial services to the whole society. Focus on small and micro enterprises, farmers and other vulnerable groups. Inclusive finance has become an international consensus, China's inclusive financial development is in the ascendant, therefore, inclusive finance has great significance for China's economic growth. It can not only meet the financial needs of low level consumer groups, but also contribute to the improvement of the financial system. In this context. The study of inclusive finance has profound significance to the development of inclusive finance in China. Firstly, this paper briefly introduces the theoretical basis of inclusive finance, and expounds the inclusive finance and its opposite concept of financial exclusion. And the research on inclusive finance at home and abroad has made a more detailed exposition. Secondly, it introduces the development of inclusive finance in China, mainly from the breadth and depth of inclusive finance. The development status of inclusive finance is analyzed from three aspects of infrastructure construction. On this basis, from the three dimensions of availability, usage and technical support, the index system to measure the development level of inclusive finance is constructed, and the comprehensive index of inclusive finance is calculated by factor analysis. According to the relevant data, the development level of inclusive finance in 31 provinces and cities in 2015 is estimated and ranked. The results show that the development level of inclusive finance in China is generally low. And through the cluster analysis method to compare and analyze the regional differences of inclusive finance, the results show that the regional differences of inclusive finance are obvious in China, and the development degree of inclusive finance in eastern provinces is higher. The majority of the central and western regions of the inclusive financial level is generally low, mainly by the level of economic development, urbanization level and demographic and geographical factors. Finally. Combined with the development of inclusive finance in China and the results of empirical research, we need to cultivate the development of the main body of demand, improve and encourage the supply of the main body, optimize the external environment and improve the relevant policy support at the same time. Promote comprehensive and sustainable development of inclusive finance in China.
【学位授予单位】：郑州大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：F832
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本文编号：1467551