从2015年北京田径世锦赛中对苏炳添短跑技术特征分析

发布时间：2018-01-28 17:42

本文关键词： 苏炳添短跑百米技术步长步频　出处：《哈尔滨体育学院》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：自我国改革开放以来,我国各项综合国力不断增强,经济高速发展,人民物质生活水平不断提高,伴随着这些,人们也有了更多的时间去关注自己的身体健康,随之而来,人们对体育的关注也就越来越多,在各项体育运动中,田径有着“运动之母”之称,田径是体育各个运动项目的基础,我国目前正从“体育大国”转向“体育强国”,而我国在田径项目上相对于欧美,牙买加等国家而言相对比较薄弱,田径项目也是我国体育项目中相对比较薄弱的环节,然而在众多的田径体育项目中,百米竞争最为激烈,往往百分之一秒的成绩就可能决定运动员的最终成绩。短跑在田径体育运动项目中也是最具有观赏性的一个项目,百米项目的成绩记录不断被打破,不断被改写。然而这么竞争激烈的项目,亚洲短跑选手鲜有能够打破10S大关的运动员。苏炳添中国短跑运动第一人,在2015年尤金站钻石联赛上以9.99S的成绩打破了黄种人10s的魔咒,虽然只有0.01s的突破,但这也是历史性的0.01s,是在亚洲田径历史上可以画上一笔的突破,作为第一个打破10s大关的亚洲籍运动员,苏炳添的成绩并非是一次比赛的超常发挥得之而来,在2015年北京田径世锦赛上,苏炳添再次以9.99s的成绩平了上次的记录,所以我们有必要对该运动员进行相关的研究与分析,本文主要以苏炳添在北京田径世界锦标赛中预赛、半决赛和决赛三次比赛中苏炳添的各项百米技术动作进行逐一了解以及更加深入的分析,从而了解苏炳添的运动技术特征,以及值得我们借鉴的地方。该文主要运用文献资料法,图像解析法,分析比较法,以及利用SPSS统计软件对各项数据进行对比分析,并试图找出苏炳添百米项目的自身特点,以及可否有改进之处。本研究主要得出的结论有以下几点:第一以起跑技术而言,起跑技术对于苏炳添而言是自己的优势点,在其各项比赛中发挥相对比较稳定,从其“右脚换左脚”起跑之后,苏炳添的运动成绩有了进一步的提升,对于广大教练员和体育研究学者而言,可以在教学或者训练中是否对于自己的运动员运用此技术作为参考。第二从起跑后加速跑技术中分析,苏炳添并无过于明显突出的技术优势,因此对于其教练员而言,笔者认为在苏炳添训练时应给予重视,在比赛时,虽然苏炳添在起跑后加速跑中一般都会领先于其它选手,但这也主要由于他在起跑时所取得的优势造成的,另外,本文研究中还发现,苏炳添在加速跑过程中对速度的控制能力还不够强,这一点主要体现在他在加速过程中达到的最大速度不够稳定。第三在苏炳添途中跑过程中,本文从各种角度进行了详细的分析,在分析对比中发现苏炳添在步频能力上相对较强,然而相对于其他国外优秀运动员而言,苏炳添的步长能力相对不足,这主要也可能是由于其自身形态所决定的,相比于国外的优秀田径短跑运动员来说,苏炳添的身高都要比他们矮很多,从该文中苏炳添在三次比赛中步频能力的发挥而言,苏炳添在百米跑的整个过程中,苏炳添的步频并不是很稳定,在其比赛中,对于步频的分布相对还有瑕疵的部分,所以该文笔者建议其科研团队能够找出苏炳添更加适合的步长与步频的搭配组合。第四在途中跑过程中,本文作者也从生物力学角度对苏炳添的技术动作的合理性进行了比较,研究发现苏炳添在途中跑过程中,他的膝关节变化相对角度较小,并且支撑腿的力量明显不足,进而导致苏炳添在途中跑过程中后蹬力量不够。并且在着地的一瞬间,苏炳添的折叠腿折叠相对不够充分,由此原因也引起了苏炳添在途中跑过程中前摆速度相对而言比较缓慢。因此,作者建议在苏炳添进行技术动作训练时,应该适当加大其支撑腿缓冲力,加大折叠腿的折叠角度,提高苏炳添在途中跑过程中的摆腿速度。第五在途中跑过程中,苏炳添放松跑能力相对不足,身体在行进过程中僵硬,其在今后训练中笔者认为应该相对进行训练,争取提高其在途中跑过程中比较薄弱的环节。
[Abstract]:Since China's reform and opening up, China's comprehensive national strength growing, rapid economic development, people's living standards continue to improve, with these people, but also have more time to pay attention to their own health, followed, people pay more attention to sports also more and more, in all sports, track and field is "mother of sports", is the foundation of all sports track and field sports, China is from the "sports power" to "sports power", while in China relative to the United States and Europe in track and field, Jamaica and other countries is relatively weak, relatively weak point is China's athletics sports however, in many of the track and field sports, 100 meters, the most intense competition, the final result is one percent seconds. Players may decide to dash in track and field sports also The project has an ornamental, 100 meters project records being broken, constantly being rewritten. However such a competitive project, Asian sprinter rarely able to break the 10S mark for the athletes. The first Chinese Subing add sprint in 2015, Eugene Diamond League with a 9.99S record breaking the Yellow 10s spell, although only 0.01s breakthrough, but it is also a historic 0.01s, can draw on a breakthrough in the Asian Track and field history, as the first to break the 10s mark for the Asian athletes, Subing add grades and non is extraordinary a game played by in 2015, Beijing World Championships, Su Bingtian again with a score of 9.99s flat the last record, so it is necessary for us to carry out research and analysis related to the athletes, this paper takes Su Bingtian in the World Athletics Championships in Beijing In the preliminaries, the 100 meter technical movement Su Bingtian semi finals and finals three games to one by one to understand and more in-depth analysis, to understand the characteristics of sports technique in Su Bingtian, and where we can learn from. This paper mainly uses the literature method, image analysis method, comparative analysis method, and the use of SPSS statistical software the results of the comparative analysis, and tries to find out the Subing add 100 meters project characteristics, and whether there is improvement. In this study, the main conclusions are as follows: first to start, the starting technique is for Subing add their own advantages, play a relatively stable in the game from the "right for the left foot," after starting, sports achievement Subing add a further improvement, for the majority of coaches and sports researchers, in teaching or training Whether in practice as a reference to use this technology for their own athletes. Second from the starting acceleration after technical analysis, Su Bingtian is not too obvious advantage prominent, so for the coaches, the author thinks that we should pay more attention to training in Su Bingtian, in the game, although Su Bingtian in the starting acceleration after always leading in other players, but this is mainly because he made at the time of starting the resulting advantages, in addition, this study also found that, in the process of Su Bingtian speed control ability of speed is not strong enough, this is mainly reflected in the maximum velocity is not stable enough to him during the acceleration process. In third Su Bingtian on the way to run the process, this paper carried out a detailed analysis from various angles, Su Bingtian found in relatively strong frequency ability in the comparative analysis, however, compared with foreign excellent transport other The mobilization, the relative lack of Su Bingtian's ability to step, which may also be determined by its own shape, compared to the foreign elite sprinters, the height of Subing add are much shorter than they, from the play pace ability of Su Bingtian in the three game of Su Bingtian, in the whole process one hundred meters run, Su Bingtian frequency is not very stable, in the game, the frequency distribution and relative defects, so this paper proposed combination collocation of the team to find Su Bingtian more suitable length and stride frequency. Fourth in the running process, the author from the angle of biomechanics Su Bingtian's action is reasonable compared to study found Su Bingtian in the running process, his knee changes relatively small angle, and the supporting leg strength obviously Insufficient, and leads to Su Bingtian on the way to run the process driving strength is not enough. And in a flash, folding legs Su Bingtian folded relatively inadequate, which also caused Su Bingtian on the way to run the process before the swing speed is relatively slow. Therefore, the authors recommend skill training in Su Bingtian, should appropriate to increase its support leg buffering, increase the folding angle folding legs, improve the speed of swing leg Su Bingtian in the running process. Fifth in the running process, Su Bingtian relaxed relative lack of running ability, in the process of moving the body stiff, the author thinks that in the training in the future should be relatively weak for training. Link to the improvement of the running in process.

【学位授予单位】：哈尔滨体育学院
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：G822.1

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