优秀竞走运动员王浩备战2010年竞走世界杯的训练研究

发布时间：2018-02-27 21:17

本文关键词： 王浩竞走训练　出处：《北京体育大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：本研究主要通过文献资料、专家访谈、测试和数理统计等方法对优秀竞走运动员王浩的训练特征进行研究,以王浩开始备战2010年墨西哥竞走世界杯到5月17日墨西哥世界杯竞走比赛结束为结点,对此阶段王浩的竞走技术特征、竞走专项素质训练特征高原训练安排、大赛后的伤病治疗与康复训练进行总结,分析的基础上,归纳、提炼王浩整个备战墨西哥竞走世界杯赛的训练特征,研究结果如下:1.王浩个人技术特征:通过对王浩竞走技术分析,发现王浩单步步长在1.24米左右最为经济实效,髋幅角角度为55.3°,在男运动员中动作幅度属于中等;前支撑距离0.37米,与步长比40.2%,说明伸摆动作充分,前后较为平衡;着地技术动作应基本顺畅,腿膝角符合要求(143.4°)左腿着地前其上体脊柱纵轴呈明显“后弓”状,此动作可能引起在发力瞬间推进身体重心偏于向上运动的现象。通过对王浩不同速度研究分析,发现王浩在低速走时(5分20秒/公里的速度),技术的稳定性差,技术容易变形,在备战墨西哥世界杯阶段通过5分/公里速度改进,提高了技术稳定性。针对王浩右腿摆动过高的技术问题采用了“大腿重叠快摆”和“放松前摆走”的辅助技术训练。2.王浩专项素质训练特征:始终以全面发展体能为基础,训练安排的手段多样、目标明确。通过加强腰腹肌、股四头肌、后群肌、膝关节、踝关节的力量训练,提高了整体运动能力;通过长期耐力素质训练提高了有氧能力;通过以拉伸法为主的手段提高了其身体柔韧性;训练内容针对性强,多种练习组合得当,对促进专项成绩的提高具有鲜明特征。3.王浩赛前高原训练特征:通过对训练负荷与训练计划进行合理控制,使得运动员激发了自身的机体潜能,强化训练刺激与训练适应过程,提高了运动员机能,从而提高运动员参加大赛时的竞技水平。4.王浩伤病治疗、康复特征:由于本人长期高负荷训练和比赛引起的职业伤病,造成了胫骨前肌劳损、臀中肌劳损、跟腱损伤、以及坐骨结节周围病变等。通过以控制炎症缓解疼痛、改善身体状况、优化技术动作为目标的康复训练,使伤病有所好转,但依然要注意后期严格监控,巩固伤病恢复的效果。
[Abstract]:In this study, the training characteristics of Wang Hao, an elite walking athlete, were studied by means of literature, expert interviews, tests and mathematical statistics. Taking Wang Hao's preparations for the Mexico Walking World Cup in 2010 to the end of the Mexican World Cup competition on May 17th as the node, the plateau training arrangements for the technical characteristics of the race walking and the special quality training characteristics of the race walking are given to Wang Hao at this stage. On the basis of summarizing and analyzing the injury treatment and rehabilitation training after the competition, Wang Hao summarized and refined the training characteristics of Wang Hao in preparation for the Mexico Walking World Cup. The results are as follows: 1. Wang Hao's individual technical characteristics: by analyzing the walking technique of Wang Hao, it is found that Wang Hao is the most economical and effective step by step with the hip angle angle 55.3 掳, and the range of movement is moderate among male athletes; The distance of the front support is 0.37 meters and the ratio to the step is 40.2, which shows that the swinging motion is sufficient and the front and back are more balanced; the landing technique should be basically smooth, and the knee angle of the leg should meet the requirement of 143.4 掳) before the left leg lands on the ground, the longitudinal axis of the upper body spine presents an obvious "rear bow" shape. This action may lead to the phenomenon of pushing the body's center of gravity upward at the moment of exertion. By studying and analyzing Wang Hao's different speeds, it is found that at the low speed (5 minutes 20 seconds / km), the technical stability is poor and the technology is easily deformed. In preparation for the World Cup in Mexico through the speed of 5 points per kilometer improvement, Aiming at the technical problem of Wang Hao's excessive right leg swing, the auxiliary technical training of "lap overlapping swing" and "relaxing front swing" was adopted. 2. The characteristics of Wang Hao's special quality training: always based on the overall development of physical ability. Through strengthening the strength training of the psoas abs, quadriceps femoris, posterior group muscles, knee joints and ankle joints, the overall athletic ability was improved, and the aerobic capacity was improved through long-term endurance quality training. The flexibility of its body is improved by means of stretching method, and the training content has strong pertinence, and many kinds of exercises are properly combined. The characteristics of Wang Hao's pre-match plateau training are as follows: by reasonably controlling the training load and training plan, athletes can stimulate their own potential and strengthen the training stimulation and training adaptation process. Improve the athlete's function, thus improve the athlete's competitive level when participating in the competition .4.The characteristics of Wang Hao's injury treatment and rehabilitation: due to his long-term high load training and occupational injury caused by the competition, the tibia anterior muscle strain, the gluteus muscle strain, the gluteus muscle strain, the injury of the tibia anterior muscle, the gluteus muscle strain, Achilles tendon injury, and lesions around the ischial nodule, etc. Through rehabilitation training aimed at controlling inflammation to relieve pain, improving physical condition, and optimizing technical movements, the injury will be improved, but we should still pay attention to strict monitoring at the later stage. Consolidate the effects of injury recovery.
【学位授予单位】：北京体育大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：G821

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