基于超效率DEA的广东省物流效率研究

发布时间：2018-03-03 06:35

本文选题：超效率DEA　切入点：物流业　出处：《深圳大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：被喻为经济增长“加速器”和“第三利润源”的物流业,已经逐渐发展成为一个国家现代化水平与综合国力的重要标志,并且成为促进国民经济增长和转变经济增长方式的关键因素。物流业的发展不仅能够降低制造业生产和经营成本,还能提高劳动生产率,节约劳动成本,创造可观的价值,可以说物流业的发展对经济的促进作用愈加明显。因此研究物流效率就成为物流领域的一个重点。对于物流效率的问题研究者大多以物流企业代表某地区的物流效率,或者研究某区域形成的物流系统效率,研究某个地区物流效率的文献比较少。且目前文献中用于研究物流效率的方法主要集中于数据包络分析法(DEA)、随机前沿分析法(SFA)、因子分析法等。随着研究的深入,传统DEA等方法显示出一定的弊端,本文所使用的超效率DEA充分克服了传统DEA的弊端,对同时有效的决策单元能够进一步分析。论文在概述有关物流效率提升相关文献的基础上,综合运用区域经济学、物流管理学、产业经济学、数理经济学和计量经济学等学科,对广东省物流效率进行了全面系统分析。论文的基本步骤如下:首先从广东省整体物流效率情况出发,利用超效率DEA模型对其2001年到2014年物流效率变化情况进行分析。结果表明广东省2001年至2014年技术效率均值达到0.970,纯技术效率均值得到0.977,规模效率均值达到0.993。广东省整体物流效率较高,发展较好。但2001年至2014年广东省物流超效率值波动较明显,其中2004年差距最大,表明广东省物流业发展过程是不稳定的。其次选择广东省21个地级市为研究主线,对2010年到2014年广东省内21个地级市的面板数据进行省内物流效率分析,结果表明:广东省21个地级市物流业基本处于良性发展状态,纯技术效率相对平稳,总体效率小于0.900。规模效率无效是导致广东省整体物流无效的主要原因,此外广东省21个地级市间物流业发展存在不平衡,地区差异性较大。最后利用上文分析结果,选取适当影响指标,运用SFA方法分析影响广东省物流效率的因素,研究表明:广东省GDP、产业结构、信息化水平能够促进广东省物流效率的提升。短期内城镇化水平、在校人数对物流效率有一定程度的抑制作用。本文创新性的采用超效率DEA法结合SFA方法对广东省物流业效率进行研究,构建物流效率的评价指标体系,得到广东省整体物流效率和省内物流效率相关结论并针对实证结果分析了影响因素,最后提出相关合理建议,对我国物流效率研究进行了补充,希望为我国各省物流效率的提高和物流业转型升级提供相关理论和实践支持。
[Abstract]:The logistics industry, described as the accelerator of economic growth and the third source of profit, has gradually developed into an important symbol of a country's modernization level and comprehensive national strength. The development of logistics industry can not only reduce manufacturing production and operation costs, but also improve labor productivity, save labor costs, and create considerable value. It can be said that the development of logistics industry is playing an increasingly important role in promoting the economy. Therefore, the study of logistics efficiency has become a key point in the field of logistics. For the problem of logistics efficiency, most researchers use logistics enterprises to represent the logistics efficiency of a certain region. Or to study the efficiency of logistics systems formed in a given region, There are few documents to study the logistics efficiency in a certain area, and the methods used to study the logistics efficiency are mainly focused on data Envelopment Analysis (DEAA), Stochastic Frontier Analysis (SFAA), Factor Analysis and so on. The traditional methods such as DEA show some disadvantages. The super-efficiency DEA used in this paper overcomes the disadvantages of traditional DEA, and can be further analyzed for the simultaneous effective decision-making units. Comprehensive use of regional economics, logistics management, industrial economics, mathematical economics and econometrics, The basic steps of this paper are as follows: firstly, starting from the overall logistics efficiency of Guangdong Province, The change of logistics efficiency from 2001 to 2014 was analyzed by using superefficiency DEA model. The results show that the average value of technical efficiency from 2001 to 2001 of Guangdong Province is 0.970, the mean of pure technical efficiency is 0.977, and the mean of scale efficiency is 0.993. The overall logistics efficiency of the province is relatively high, But from 2001 to 2014, the value of logistics superefficiency in Guangdong Province fluctuated obviously, among which the disparity of 2004 was the biggest, which indicated that the development process of logistics industry in Guangdong Province was unstable. Secondly, 21 prefectural cities in Guangdong Province were chosen as the main line of study. From 2010 to 2014, the panel data of 21 prefecture-level cities in Guangdong Province are analyzed. The results show that the logistics industry of 21 prefecture-level cities in Guangdong Province is basically in a benign state of development, and the pure technical efficiency is relatively stable. The overall efficiency is less than 0.900.The ineffective scale efficiency is the main reason for the invalidation of the overall logistics in Guangdong Province. In addition, there is imbalance in the development of logistics industry among 21 prefectural cities in Guangdong Province, and there is a great regional difference. Selecting appropriate influence indexes, using SFA method to analyze the factors that affect the logistics efficiency of Guangdong Province, the study shows that: the GDP, industrial structure and information level of Guangdong Province can promote the promotion of logistics efficiency in Guangdong Province. In this paper, the super-efficiency DEA method combined with SFA method is used to study the efficiency of logistics industry in Guangdong Province, and the evaluation index system of logistics efficiency is constructed. The conclusion of the whole logistics efficiency of Guangdong Province and the logistics efficiency of the province are obtained, and the influencing factors are analyzed according to the empirical results. Finally, the relevant and reasonable suggestions are put forward to supplement the research on the logistics efficiency of our country. It hopes to provide theoretical and practical support for the improvement of logistics efficiency and the transformation and upgrading of logistics industry.
【学位授予单位】：深圳大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：F224;F259.27

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