黑龙江省不同行业收入差距实证研究

发布时间：2018-03-05 01:38

本文选题：行业收入差距　切入点：基尼系数　出处：《哈尔滨理工大学》2016年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：改革开放以来,人民的生活水平逐步上升,黑龙江省经济发展和社会建设取得了显著成就。但随着经济的快速发展,不同行业间的收入差距却持续扩大。黑龙江省不同行业收入差距无论是从绝对数还是从相对数考察都在逐渐扩大。过大的行业收入差距将促使两极分化,不利于社会稳定。一些基础行业由于工资收入低,导致大部分人流涌向高收入行业,人才流失比较严重,导致基础行业吸纳劳动力的能力渐渐弱化,严重情况下,这些基础行业可能会被社会所淘汰,从而改变国民经济格局,使经济发展不协调;再加上,低收入群体具有较低的购买力,对社会的消费需求较少,难以满足社会发展的需要。这种不合理的收入差距影响着人民的生活水平,如不加以控制,必定扰乱社会的稳定。加强对行业收入差距的研究,可以促进黑龙江省经济平稳增长,进而使社会稳定和谐发展,因此具有重要的理论和现实意义。本文首先根据《中国统计年鉴》中给出的19个行业门类平均工资等相关数据,分别介绍了黑龙江省各行业的基本概况;借助于数据与图表,剖析黑龙江省各行业收入差距的基本现状,找到其中存在的问题;然后结合改革开放后的实情,从历史、人力资本差异、垄断、市场机制、对外开放程度等其他原因分析黑龙江省不同行业收入差距产生的成因。其次,通过计算基尼系数和泰尔指数,从整体上把握黑龙江省不同行业收入差距有多大;然后分别对黑龙江省不同行业收入差距的基尼系数和泰尔指数与全国的基尼系数和泰尔指数进行比较,发现黑龙江的行业收入差距日益扩大。接着,为了分析是什么因素造成差距日益扩大,对黑龙江省不同行业收入差距进行了主因素分析。采用主成分分析法构建了黑龙江省不同行业收入差距主因素分析指标体系,并从结果中分析导致黑龙江省不同行业收入差距扩大的主要影响因素。最后,总结前面对黑龙江省不同行业间收入差距的实证分析与研究,对存在的问题提出了有针对性的对策建议,旨在逐步合理缩小黑龙江省不同行业收入差距。
[Abstract]:Since the reform and opening up, the standard of living of the people has gradually risen, and the economic development and social construction of Heilongjiang Province have made remarkable achievements. But with the rapid development of the economy, However, the income gap between different industries continues to widen. The income gap between different industries in Heilongjiang Province is gradually expanding both in absolute terms and in relative numbers. Excessive industry income gap will promote polarization. This is not conducive to social stability. Some basic industries, due to low wages and income, cause most of the people to flow to high-income industries, and the brain drain is relatively serious, leading to a gradual weakening of the ability of the basic industries to absorb the labor force. In serious cases, These basic industries may be eliminated by society, thus changing the pattern of the national economy and making economic development uncoordinated; in addition, low-income groups have lower purchasing power and less demand for social consumption. It is difficult to meet the needs of social development. This unreasonable income gap affects the standard of living of the people. If it is not controlled, it will certainly disturb the stability of society. It can promote the steady economic growth of Heilongjiang Province and make the society develop steadily and harmoniously, so it has important theoretical and practical significance. This paper introduces the basic situation of various industries in Heilongjiang Province, analyzes the basic situation of income gap in Heilongjiang Province by means of data and charts, finds out the existing problems, and then combines the facts after reform and opening up, from the historical perspective. The differences in human capital, monopoly, market mechanism, degree of opening to the outside world and other reasons are analyzed to analyze the causes of income gap in different industries in Heilongjiang Province. Secondly, through the calculation of Gini coefficient and Thiel index, From the overall understanding of the income gap between different industries in Heilongjiang Province, the author compares the Gini coefficient and the Thiel index of the income gap between different industries in Heilongjiang Province with the national Gini coefficient and the Thiel Index. Found that the industry income gap in Heilongjiang is widening day by day. Then, in order to analyze what causes the gap to widen day by day, This paper analyzes the main factors of income gap in different industries in Heilongjiang Province, and constructs the index system of principal factor analysis of income gap in different industries in Heilongjiang Province by principal component analysis. Finally, it summarizes the empirical analysis and research on the income gap between different industries in Heilongjiang Province. Some countermeasures and suggestions are put forward in order to reduce the income gap of different industries in Heilongjiang Province.
【学位授予单位】：哈尔滨理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：F124.7

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