京津冀地区产业发展对大气污染影响研究

发布时间：2018-03-30 10:06

本文选题：京津冀地区　切入点：投入产出　出处：《中国地质大学(北京)》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：随着人们生活水平的提高,人们对环境问题的关注程度不断提高,尤其是近年来京津冀的大气污染问题,更是成为了人们的关注的焦点。受制于中国能源禀赋状况,中国未来在较长一段时间内仍将以煤炭作为主要能源消费品,清洁能源的比重在短时间内大幅提高难度较大。本文通过梳理文献,分析京津冀地区的产业发展与大气污染现状,收集各省统计年鉴中各行业的能源使用数据,计算出北京、天津、河北和全国各行业的能源消费的大气污染排放量,然后利用中国省级区域间投入产出表构建京津冀大气污染投入产出表,从产业和地区两个视角出发,系统分析京津冀地区的大气污染排放转移情况,分析京津冀地区产业发展对该区域内大气污染物的影响。从产业角度来看,京津冀地区内电力、热力的生产和供应业,以及金属冶炼及压延加工业属于污染排放量最大的两个部门,同时,由于北京、天津、河北之间在经济规模和产业结构方面存在差异,导致各省市同类产业在同种污染物排放占比不同。在同一地区生产者视角和消费者视角下,同一部门污染排放的贡献不同,这主要是由于随着省际贸易中相关产品和服务的流动,该部门通过省际间调入和调出产品,隐含污染物排放也随之调入或调出。从区域污染排放来看,重工业比重较高的河北省直接污染排放量巨大,而北京和天津服务业比重高,直接污染排放量相对较小。同时北京和天津通过消耗河北地区生产的原材料或产品,使得本地污染实际排放减少,属于隐含排放净调入地区,而河北地区则由于生产大量的原材料和产品,实际污染排放增加,为北京和天津承担了污染排放,属于隐含排放净调出地区。基于以上研究结果,本文提出依托京津冀一体化,促进京津冀地区产业结构升级和重新分配,降低高污染产品的省际调出同时增加本地高能耗高污染产品的依赖度,北京和天津要降低对河北省金属冶炼行业的投资拉动,利用技术和产业转移促进河北省技术升级,同时河北省需要增强产业竞争优势,多引进技术密集型产业和发展第三产业,转变贸易结构,北京要减少本地火力发电,积极利用太阳能、地热等新能源。
[Abstract]:With the improvement of people's living standard, people pay more and more attention to environmental problems, especially the air pollution in Beijing, Tianjin and Hebei in recent years, which has become the focus of people's attention. In the future, China will still take coal as the main energy consumer in a long period of time, and the proportion of clean energy will be greatly increased in a short period of time. By combing the literature, this paper analyzes the industrial development and the present situation of air pollution in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region. To collect the energy use data of various industries in the statistical yearbooks of various provinces, and to calculate the atmospheric pollution emissions from energy consumption in Beijing, Tianjin, Hebei and the whole country. Then using the provincial input-output table of China to construct the input-output table of air pollution in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region, from the two perspectives of industry and region, this paper systematically analyzes the transfer of air pollution emissions in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region. This paper analyzes the influence of industrial development in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region on the atmospheric pollutants in the region. From the industrial point of view, the production and supply of electricity, heat and heat in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region, And the metal smelting and calendering industries are among the two sectors with the largest emissions of pollution. At the same time, because of the differences in economic scale and industrial structure between Beijing, Tianjin and Hebei, In the same region producer and consumer perspective, the contribution of the same sector of pollution emissions is different. This is mainly due to the fact that with the flow of related products and services in inter-provincial trade, the sector moves in and out of the products through inter-provincial transfer, and the implicit pollutant emissions are also transferred in or out. From the perspective of regional pollution emissions, Hebei Province, which has a high proportion of heavy industry, has a huge amount of direct pollution emissions, while Beijing and Tianjin have a high proportion of service industries and relatively small direct pollution emissions. Meanwhile, Beijing and Tianjin consume raw materials or products produced in Hebei. As a result of the reduction of actual local pollution emissions, this is a net transfer of implied emissions into the region, while the Hebei region, because of the production of a large number of raw materials and products, has increased the actual pollution emissions, thus bearing the burden of pollution emissions for Beijing and Tianjin. Based on the above research results, this paper proposes to promote the upgrading and redistribution of the industrial structure of Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region based on the integration of Beijing, Tianjin and Hebei. To reduce the inter-provincial transfer of high-pollution products and increase the dependence of local high-energy and high-pollution products, Beijing and Tianjin should reduce investment in the metal smelting industry in Hebei Province and use technology and industrial transfer to promote technological upgrading in Hebei Province. At the same time, Hebei needs to strengthen the competitive advantage of industry, introduce more technology-intensive industries and develop tertiary industries, change the structure of trade, and reduce local thermal power generation, and actively utilize new energy sources, such as solar energy and geothermal energy.
【学位授予单位】：中国地质大学(北京)
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：X51;F127

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