建筑信息模型（BIM）与工程项目造价知识数据的关联及应用研究

发布时间：2018-04-05 05:24

本文选题：建筑信息模型　切入点：工程造价　出处：《深圳大学》2016年硕士论文

【摘要】：回顾我国的工程造价管理模式,其经历了起初的凭经验估价的手工绘图计算,再到现在采用清单模式和定额模式估价的电脑绘图计算。其造价计量模式虽然正在不断的完善提高,但是整个工程造价行业的信息化、精细化、智能化管理水平与我国经济、社会发展水平仍然存在着很大的差距,远远落后于行业的发展。现阶段的工程造价管理模式基本都存在着工作效率低下、计价精度不高且误差大等特点,再加上造价各阶段计算过程的相互独立、计价模式的区域性差异、造价数据的滞后以及造价数据共享困难等原因,使得造价管理方法从工程项目概算开始就已经与实际脱节,频繁出现“三超”、二次调价索赔等一系列问题。随着建筑信息模型(BIM)的提出和发展,基于BIM的造价管理研究逐渐受到各学者和业界的关注。以参数化、可视化、面向对象为特点的BIM技术是对贯穿建筑全生命周期的几何、物理、功能信息的数字化表示。其不仅包含有建筑构件的几何数据,更有大量可扩展的工程数据。BIM技术不仅能保证造价数据的实时准确性,实现造价知识数据共享和部门之间的协同,而且在应对设计变更、提高算量精度等方面有着积极的意义。它的出现,为解决我国造价行业中的问题提供了一种途径。本文主要就如何将工程造价知识数据与建筑信息模型进行关联,从而提高我国工程项目造价管理信息化、精细化水平,为解决现阶段工程造价管理中存在的问题提供一定的途径方法,对以下方面进行了探讨及研究:分析工程造价相关数据构成。通过对工程造价数据结构之间的关系的深入研究,提出工程造价知识数据构成体系,并选择关系数据库SQLServer进行数据库设计,作为造价知识数据的存储载体。基于BIM平台构建适用于工程造价的建筑信息模型。通过对当前BIM软件平台的对比分析,选取核心BIM软件平台,深入探讨基于工程造价数据的建筑信息模型架构,构建模型与数据信息之间的联系,形成完整的工程造价建筑信息模型应用框架。结合工程造价管理的具体需求和计算机科学的解决方案,对核心BIM软件Revit进行适用于工程造价建筑信息模型的二次开发,包括造价知识数据库的访问和数据的更新,信息模型构件造价定额资源数据的获取以及模型构件工程量的统计,力图促进建筑信息模型在工程造价领域中的应用,提高工作效率,提升精确性。结合案例进行建筑信息模型技术在工程造价的应用探究,展示二次开发后的软件应用界面及扩展功能,进而说明建筑信息模型与工程造价数据关联实现后的应用。
[Abstract]:This paper reviews the engineering cost management model in our country. It has experienced the manual drawing calculation based on experience at first, and then the computer drawing calculation based on list model and quota mode.Although the mode of cost measurement is improving continuously, there is still a big gap between the level of informatization, refinement and intelligent management of the whole engineering cost industry and the level of economic and social development of our country.Far behind the development of the industry.At the present stage, the engineering cost management mode has the characteristics of low working efficiency, low valuation accuracy and large error. In addition, the calculation process of each stage of the construction cost is independent of each other, and the regional difference of the pricing mode.Because of the lag of cost data and the difficulty of sharing cost data, the cost management method has been out of touch with the reality from the beginning of the project budget estimate, and a series of problems such as "three super" and the second price adjustment claim are frequently appeared.With the development of building information model (BIM), the research of cost management based on BIM has been paid more and more attention by scholars and industry.The BIM technology, which is characterized by parameterization, visualization and object oriented, is a digital representation of geometric, physical and functional information throughout the life cycle of architecture.It not only contains geometric data of building components, but also has a large amount of extensible engineering data. BIM technology can not only guarantee the real-time accuracy of cost data, realize cost knowledge data sharing and coordination among departments, but also respond to design changes.It is of great significance to improve the accuracy of calculation.Its appearance provides a way to solve the problems in the cost industry of our country.This paper mainly discusses how to relate the engineering cost knowledge data with the building information model so as to improve the informatization and refinement level of the project cost management in our country.In order to solve the problems existing in the current project cost management, this paper discusses and studies the following aspects: analysis of the construction cost related data composition.Based on the deep study of the relationship between the construction cost data structure, the paper puts forward the construction system of the engineering cost knowledge data, and chooses the relational database SQLServer to design the database as the storage carrier of the cost knowledge data.Based on BIM platform, a building information model suitable for construction cost is constructed.Through the comparative analysis of the current BIM software platform, the core BIM software platform is selected, and the architecture of the building information model based on the engineering cost data is discussed in depth, and the relationship between the model and the data information is constructed.Form a complete construction cost information model application framework.Combined with the specific requirements of engineering cost management and the solution of computer science, the core BIM software Revit is applied to the secondary development of the construction cost information model, including the access to the cost knowledge database and the updating of the data.The acquisition of information model component cost quota resource data and the statistics of model component engineering quantity try to promote the application of building information model in the field of engineering cost improve the working efficiency and improve the accuracy.In this paper, the application of building information model technology in engineering cost is explored, and the application interface and extended function of the software after secondary development are demonstrated, and the application of building information model and engineering cost data is explained.
【学位授予单位】：深圳大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：TU17;TU723.3

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