用于纺机计长切丝的可编程控制器设计与实现

发布时间：2018-04-11 17:40

本文选题：IEC61131-3标准 + 可编程控制器　；参考：《大连理工大学》2016年硕士论文

【摘要】：随着加弹机控制系统向大型化、自动化、数字化和低功耗方向的发展,可编程逻辑控制器(PLC)在该系统中得到了广泛的应用。作为信息采集和处理的核心单元,PLC通过扩展IO方式,实现多点温度控制、探丝切丝控制和恒速拉丝控制,及产量统计功能。其中探丝切丝控制部分多数采用基于嵌入式技术的控制板,行业中称为“探丝切丝控制板”,目前仍然使用单板机或者单片机系统来实现。针对市场需求,探丝切丝控制部分需要增加合股切丝,定长定重,输入防抖等功能,但探丝切丝控制板由于软硬件资源有限,应用范围窄,专用性强,通用性和兼容性差,升级困难,改造成本高,难以应对上述需求,这也成为了加弹机控制系统急需解决的重要问题之一。针对上述问题,本课题开发了用于纺机计长切丝的可编程控制器,该控制器支持IEC61131-3标准的梯形图编程语言,为用户提供了一个开放的开发环境,方便现场工程师进行升级改造,无需花费研发成本,便可实现加弹机控制系统的各项新需求,对推动纺织行业实现智能制造具有一定的意义。研究工作主要包括如下3个方面:可编程控制器的硬件设计与开发,根据原探丝切丝控制板需要的探丝器输入点数、切丝器和指示灯输出点数,通信接口类型和数量,确认控制器所需资源,完成控制器的硬件架构设计;再根据可编程控制器的功能、性能和物理资源的要求,确认所需CPU的资源,从而合理化、经济化的选择CPU类型;最终完成控制器各个模块的驱动设计。可编程控制器的软件设计与开发,深入研究IEC61131-3标准,完成软件架构设计,包括系统调度、用户程序上下载、变量管理、指令管理和通信管理五个组件,并完成各组件的设计与开发。该可编程控制器支持梯形图编程语言,支持标准的Modbus协议,实现与主控器的数据交换,满足了用户对实时性和智能化控制的需求。计长切丝控制程序设计与开发,利用可编程控制器提供的编程环境,组态计长切丝控制程序,包括:定时控制切丝、探丝器输入控制切丝、PU保护切丝、禁止切丝输出、合股切丝、输入防抖、通道使能等。开放所有功能的控制接口供主控器访问。设计程序时采用模块化的设计思想,通用性强,操作简单,开发容易。从完成的设计表明,利用可编程控制器开发的计长切丝控制程序可以完成原探丝切丝控制板现有功能和扩展功能,并且可以弥补现有探丝切丝控制部分的不足。目前开发的可编程控制器,已经批量生产,被广泛的应用到现场,顺利通过了各厂家的验收。
[Abstract]:With the development of large scale, automation, digitalization and low power consumption, PLC (Programmable Logic Controller) has been widely used in this system.As the core unit of information collection and processing, PLC can realize multi-point temperature control, probe cutting control, constant speed wire drawing control and output statistics function by extending IO mode.Most of them adopt the control board based on the embedded technology, which is called "the filament-detecting control board" in the industry. At present, it is still realized by single board computer or single-chip computer system.In order to meet the market demand, the control part of the detecting wire cutting needs to increase the functions of joint-stock cutting, fixed length and weight, input anti-shake and so on. However, due to limited software and hardware resources, narrow application range, strong specificity, poor generality and compatibility, the control board of filament-detecting cutting has the advantages of limited software and hardware resources, narrow application range, and poor compatibility.It is difficult to upgrade, and the cost of reconstruction is high, so it is difficult to cope with the above requirements, which has become one of the important problems that need to be solved urgently in the control system of the projectile loader.In order to solve the above problems, a programmable controller for spinning machine long wire cutting is developed. The controller supports the IEC61131-3 standard ladder diagram programming language, and provides an open development environment for users, which is convenient for field engineers to upgrade and transform.The new requirements of the control system of the projectile loader can be realized without expending R & D cost, and it is significant to promote the intelligent manufacturing in the textile industry.The research work mainly includes the following three aspects: the hardware design and development of the programmable logic controller, according to the input points of the wire detector, the output points of the cutting device and the indicator lamp, the type and quantity of the communication interface.According to the requirements of the function, performance and physical resources of the programmable controller, the required CPU resources are confirmed to rationalize and economically select the CPU type.Finally, the driver design of each module of the controller is completed.The software design and development of Programmable Controller (PLC), the research of IEC61131-3 standard, the completion of software architecture design, including system scheduling, user program download, variable management, instruction management and communication management.And complete the design and development of each component.The programmable controller supports trapezogram programming language, supports standard Modbus protocol, realizes data exchange with master controller, and meets the demand of real-time and intelligent control.The program design and development of the control program for the long wire cutting is carried out. By using the programming environment provided by the programmable controller, the control program of the long wire cutting is configured, including: timing control of the cutting, the input and control of the detector to control the cut, the protection of the cut, the prohibition of cutting output,Joint shredding, input anti-shake, channel enable, etc.Open all functional control interfaces for main controller access.The design procedure adopts the modular design thought, the universality is strong, the operation is simple, the development is easy.From the finished design, it is shown that the current function and expansion function of the original filament-detecting control board can be completed by using the control program developed by the programmable logic controller, and the deficiency of the existing control part of the wire-detecting cutting can be made up.At present, the developed programmable controller, has been batch production, is widely used in the field, successfully passed the acceptance of the manufacturers.
【学位授予单位】：大连理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：TS103;TP273

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