基于生态足迹方法的绿色保障房评价研究

发布时间：2018-04-13 22:42

本文选题：生态足迹 + 绿色保障房　；参考：《江西理工大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：保障性住房工程是我国政府当前改善国民居住条件的重大民生工程,关系着整个国家经济与社会的和谐发展。从1998年我国首次提出建立以经济适用房为主的保障性住房供应体系开始,经历十几年的快速发展,近些年来我国保障性住房正处在历史性大规模建设阶段。随着大批保障房项目的兴建,不可避免的建筑能耗也随之逐渐加大,影响了周边环境,长此下去必然会影响到社会的可持续发展。在这种背景下,建设绿色保障性住房已经成为今后保障房项目的发展方向,而对此类项目的建筑后评价就显得尤为必要。目前,国内外对于住宅项目的评价大多都是意在建立起一套科学,完整可操作的评价体系,评价项目对周边环境的影响,这些评价方法中比较出名的是美国能源及环境设计先导计划(LEED),英国建筑研究组织环境评价法(BREEAM),日本建筑物综合环境性能评价体系(CASBEE)以及我国的绿色建筑评价标准等。这些评价方法大多采用以权重系数为主的定性研究,虽然采用相关的数学,统计等手段降低主观性,但是很多时候这种评价方法主观性仍显的过重,其评价结果在客观上也会让人难以信服。生态足迹方法属于生态经济学领域,是在上世纪90年代后期兴起的新型分析工具,此方法在行业规划、区域循环经济等诸多领域已经展开了很多实际应用,而在建筑领域采用生态足迹法则属于比较创新的尝试。本文的主要研究内容即是如何将生态足迹方法应用到保障性住房项目的评价中来。本文引入生态足迹分析法评价绿色保障房工程,并详细阐述了生态足迹分析方法,构建保障房项目生态足迹评价模型。将绿色保障房项目建设期和运营期以及拆除阶段所产生的完整生态足迹分类进行相关的计算,并和项目建设地区域生态足迹承载力相比对,进而建立评价标准,从而判断此类保障房项目是否符合绿色建筑的标准。本文最后针对赣州市某一具体的绿色保障房项目实例,测算其全生命周期内的生态足迹。最后的计算结果表明,此保障房项目存在着一定的生态赤字。但是与当地其他商品房建设项目动辄上百倍的生态赤字比起来,此项目就是绿色项目。从工程建设项目可持续发展角度出发考虑,一方面应该降低项目全寿命周期的生态足迹,尤其是在项目的建设阶段。另一方面应该大力发展循环经济,提高项目所处区域的生态承载力。本论文通过以上的研究,构建基于生态足迹方法的住房项目评价体系,并将其应用到绿色保障性住房项目中,希望通过量化项目在全寿命周期内对环境的影响,为今后评价绿色保障房项目提供一定的借鉴作用。
[Abstract]:The indemnificatory housing project is an important livelihood project for the government to improve the living conditions of the people, which is related to the harmonious development of the whole country's economy and society.Since 1998, when China first proposed the establishment of a supportable housing supply system with comfortable housing as the main body, it has experienced a rapid development for more than ten years. In recent years, the indemnificatory housing in our country is in the stage of historic large-scale construction.With the construction of a large number of indemnificatory apartment projects, the inevitable building energy consumption has gradually increased, which has affected the surrounding environment. In the long run, it will inevitably affect the sustainable development of society.In this context, the construction of green affordable housing has become the development direction of indemnificatory apartment project in the future, and the post-construction evaluation of such projects is particularly necessary.At present, most of the evaluation of residential projects at home and abroad is aimed at establishing a scientific, complete and operable evaluation system to evaluate the impact of the projects on the surrounding environment.Among these evaluation methods are the American Energy and Environment Design pilot Program, the British Building Research Organization Environmental Assessment method, the Japanese Comprehensive Environmental performance Assessment system (CASBEE) and the Green Building Evaluation Standards of China, etc.Most of these evaluation methods are qualitative research based on weight coefficient. Although relevant mathematics and statistics are used to reduce subjectivity, many times the subjectivity of this evaluation method is still too heavy.Its evaluation results will also be difficult to convince people objectively.The method of ecological footprint belongs to the field of ecological economics and is a new analytical tool that rose in the late 1990s. It has been applied in many fields such as industry planning, regional circular economy and so on.It is a relatively innovative attempt to adopt the ecological footprint rule in the field of architecture.The main research content of this paper is how to apply ecological footprint method to the evaluation of affordable housing projects.This paper introduces the ecological footprint analysis method to evaluate green indemnificatory apartment project, and expounds the ecological footprint analysis method in detail, and constructs the ecological footprint evaluation model of indemnificatory apartment project.The complete ecological footprint classification of green indemnificatory apartment project during the construction, operation and demolition stages is calculated and compared with the regional ecological footprint carrying capacity of the construction site of the project, and then the evaluation criteria are established.In order to judge whether such indemnificatory apartment project in line with the green building standards.In the end, this paper calculates the ecological footprint of a green indemnificatory apartment project in Ganzhou City.The final calculation results show that there is a certain ecological deficit in this indemnificatory apartment project.But compared with other local commercial housing projects, which are often hundreds of times the ecological deficit, this project is a green project.From the point of view of the sustainable development of the project, on the one hand, the ecological footprint of the whole life cycle of the project should be reduced, especially in the construction stage of the project.On the other hand, the circular economy should be developed vigorously to improve the ecological carrying capacity of the area in which the project is located.Through the above research, this paper constructs the housing project evaluation system based on the ecological footprint method, and applies it to the green affordable housing project, hoping to quantify the impact of the project on the environment in the whole life cycle.For the future evaluation of green indemnificatory apartment project to provide some reference.
【学位授予单位】：江西理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TU241.93

【参考文献】